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[AK4953A] ms1252-e-00 2010/10 - 1 - general description the AK4953A is a low power consumption 24bit stereo co dec with a microphone, headphone and speaker amplifiers. the input circuits include a microphone amplif ier and an alc (automatic level control) circuit, and the output ci rcuits include a cap-less headphone amplif ier and a speaker amplifier. it is suitable for portable application with recording/playback function. the integrated charge pump circuit generates a negative voltage and removes the output ac coupli ng capacitors. the s peaker amplifier has a wide operating voltage range, which is from 0.9v to 5.5v, enabling a direct drive to batteries. the AK4953A is available in a small 36pin qfn (5x5 mm 0.4mm pitch), utilizi ng less board space than competitive offerings. features 1. recording function ? stereo single-ended input with three selectors ? mic amplifier (+29db/+26db/+ 23db/+20db/+16db/+12db/0db) ? digital alc (automatic level control) (setting range: +36db ? 54db, 0.375db step) ? adc performance: s/(n+d): 82db, dr, s/n: 88db (mic-amp=+20db) s/(n+d): 85db, dr, s/n: 96db (mic-amp=0db) ? wind-noise reduction filter ? 5 band notch filter ? digital mic interface 2. playback function ? digital de-emphasis filter (tc=50/15 s, fs=32khz, 44.1khz, 48khz) ? digital alc (automatic level control) (setting range: +36db ~ ? 54db, 0.375db step) ? digital volume control (+12db ~ ? 115db, 0.5db step, mute) ? capacitor-less stereo headphone amplifier - hp-amp performance: s/(n+d): 80db@24mw, s/n: 96db - output power: 24mw@16 - pop noise free at power-on/off ? mono speaker-amplifier - spk-amp performance: s/(n+d): 70db@250mw, s/n: 95db - btl output - output power: 400mw@8 (svdd=3.3v) 100mw@8 (svdd=1.5v) ? beep generator 3. power management 4. master clock: (1) pll mode ? frequencies: 11.2896mhz, 12mhz, 13. 5mhz, 24mhz, 27mhz (mcki pin) 32fs or 64fs (bick pin) (2) external clock mode ? frequencies: 256fs, 384fs, 512fs or 1024fs (mcki pin) AK4953A 24bit stereo codec with mic/hp/spk- a mp
[AK4953A] ms1252-e-00 2010/10 - 2 - 5. output master clock fr equencies: 32fs/64fs/128fs/256fs ? pll slave mode (bick pin): 7.35khz 96khz ? pll slave mode (mcki pin): 7.35khz, 8khz, 11.025khz, 12khz, 14.7khz, 16khz, 22.05khz, 24khz, 29.4khz, 32khz, 44.1khz, 48khz, 64khz, 88.2khz, 96khz ? pll master mode: 7.35khz, 8khz, 11. 025khz, 12khz, 14.7khz, 16khz, 22.05khz, 24khz, 29.4khz, 32khz, 44.1kh z, 48khz, 64khz, 88.2khz, 96khz ? ext master/slave mode: 7.35khz ~ 96khz (256fs), 7.35khz ~ 48khz (384fs), 7.35khz ~ 48khz (512fs), 7.35khz ~ 12khz (1024fs) 6. p i/f: 3-wire serial, i 2 c bus (ver 1.0, 400khz fast-mode) 7. master/slave mode 8. audio interface format: msb first, 2?s complement ? adc: 24bit msb justified, 16/24bit i 2 s ? dac: 24bit msb justified, 16bit lsb justified, 24bit lsb justified, 16/24bit i 2 s 9. ta = ? 30 85 c (spk-amp = off) ta = ? 30 70 c (spk-amp = on) 10. power supply: ? analog power supply (avdd): 2.85 ~ 3.5v ? digital power supply (dvdd): 1.6 ~ 2.0v ? digital i/o power supply (tvdd): dvdd ~ 3.5v ? speaker power supply (svdd): 0.9 ~ 5.5v 11. package: 36pin qfn (5 x 5mm, 0.4mm pitch) block diagram mic power supply hpf1 pmmp pmadl or pmadr audio i/f dvl/r smute internal mic external mic cap-less headphone speaker pll pmpll control register mpwr2 lin 1/d dat rin1/dmcl k lin2 rin2 spp spn svdd vss4 avdd vss1 tvdd cclk/scl pdn cdtio/cad0 bick lrck sdto sdti mc ko mcki pmhpl hpl hpr vss2 csn/sda 4-band eq dem pmpfil lpf hpf2 alc i2c pmadl sdti sdto ldo +2.5v a nalog block pmhpr pmdac pmspk adc dac be ep generator line in lin3 rin3 pm adr charge pump vss3 pvee cp cn mpwr1 mic-amp regfil vcom dvdd 1-band eq class-ab spk-amp avdd charge pump pm bp pmhpl or pmhpr pmvcm figure 1. block diagram
[AK4953A] ms1252-e-00 2010/10 - 3 - ordering guide AK4953Aen ? 30 +85 c 36pin qfn (0.4mm pitch) akd4953a evaluation board for AK4953A pin layout a vdd vss1 regfil vcom lin3 rin3 mpwr2 lin2 cn cp vss3 pvee hpr hpl spn mpwr1 lin1/dmdat rin1/dmcl k pdn csn/sda cclk/scl cdtio/cad 0 sdti svdd i2c mc ko mc ki vss2 tvdd sdto bick a k4953 a top view 28 29 30 3 1 3 2 33 34 35 27 26 25 17 16 1 5 14 13 12 11 10 24 23 22 21 20 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 36 19 vss4 18 lrck 9 dvdd spp rin2
[AK4953A] ms1252-e-00 2010/10 - 4 - comparison with ak4645 function ak4645 AK4953A resolution 16bit 24bit avdd 2.6v 3.6v 2.85v 3.5v dvdd 2.6v 3.6v 1.6v ~ 2.0v hvdd 2.6v 5.25v - svdd - 0.9v 5.5v tvdd 1.6v ~ 3.6v dvdd 3.5v adc dr, s/n 86db @ mgain = +20db 95db @ mgain = 0db 88db @ mgain = +20db 96db @ mgain = 0db dac s/n 92db 96db input level typ. 0.6 x avdd @ mic gain=0db typ. 2.4vpp @ mic gain=0db output level (headphone) typ. 0.6 x avdd @lovl=0db typ. 1.75vpp @ dvol=0db adc input selector 4 stereo 3 stereo mic power output voltage 0.8 x avdd typ 2.3v (2 line outputs) mic-amp 0db/+20db/+26db/+32db 0db/+12db/+16db/+20db/+23db/ +26db/+29db digital mic i/f no yes hpf(hpf1) after adc fixed (fc = 0.9hz) 4 frequencies (fc = 3.4hz/13.6hz/108.8hz/217.6hz @ fs=44.1khz) notch filter no 5 step (4 step + 1 step) stereo emphasis yes no output volume +36db -54db, 0.375db step ( note 1 ) & +12db -115db, 0.5db step +36db -54db, 0.375db step ( note 1 ) & +12db -115db, 0.5db step speaker-amp no yes master clock reference for pll mode 11.2896mhz, 12mhz, 12.288mhz, 13.5mhz, 24mhz, 27mhz 11.2896mhz, 12mhz, 13.5mhz, 24mhz, 27mhz external clock mode master clock 256fs, 512fs, 1024fs 256fs, 384fs, 512fs, 1024fs power supply current (stereo recording) (headphone playback) typ. 7.3ma typ. 10.6ma typ. 3.3ma typ. 3.6ma package 32qfn (4 x 4mm, 0.4mm pitch) 36qfn (5 x 5mm, 0.4mm pitch) note 1. alc and volume circuits are shared by input and output. therefore, it is impossible to use alc and volume control function at the same time for both recording and playback mode. compatibility with ak4953 1. function function ak4953 AK4953A headphone hi-z mode no yes 2. register addr bit ak4953 AK4953A 05h d2 0 (pull-down by 10 ) 0: pull-down by 10 (default) 1: hi-z
[AK4953A] ms1252-e-00 2010/10 - 5 - pin/function no. pin name i/o function 1 mpwr1 o mic power supply pin for microphone 1 lin1 i lch analog input 1 pin (dmic bit = ?0?) 2 dmdat i digital microphone data input pin (dmic bit = ?1?) rin1 i rch analog input 1 pin (dmic bit = ?0?) 3 dmclk o digital microphone clock pin (dmic bit = ?1?) 4 pdn i power-down & reset when ?l?, the AK4953A is in power-down mode and is held in reset. the AK4953A must be always reset upon power-up. csn i chip select pin (i2c pin = ?l?) 5 sda i/o control data input/output pin (i2c pin = ?h?) cclk i control data clock pin (i2c pin = ?l?) 6 scl i control data clock pin (i2c pin = ?h?) cdtio i/o control data input/output pin (i2c pin = ?l?) 7 cad0 i chip address select pin (i2c pin = ?h?) 8 sdti i audio serial data input pin 9 lrck i/o input/output channel clock pin 10 bick i/o audio serial data clock pin 11 sdto o audio serial data output pin 12 tvdd - digital i/o power supply pin, 1.6 ~ 3.5v 13 vss2 - ground 2 pin 14 mcki i external master clock input pin 15 mcko o master clock output pin 16 i2c i control mode select pin ?h?: i 2 c bus, ?l?: 3-wire serial 17 svdd - speaker-amp power supply pin, 0.9 ~ 5.5v 18 vss4 - ground 4 pin 19 spn o speaker-amp negative output pin 20 spp o speaker-amp positive output pin 21 dvdd - digital power supply pin, 1.6 ~ 2.0v 22 hpl o lch headphone-amp output pin 23 hpr o rch headphone-amp output pin 24 pvee o charge-pump circuit negative voltage output pin this pin must be connected to vss3 with 2.2 f50% capacitor in series. 25 vss3 - ground 3 pin 26 cp o positive charge-pump capacitor terminal pin this pin must be connected to cn pin with 2.2 f50% capacitor in series. 27 cn i negative charge-pump capacitor terminal pin this pin must be connected to cp pin with 2.2 f50% capacitor in series. 28 avdd - analog power supply pin, 2.85 ~ 3.5v 29 vss1 - ground 1 pin 30 regfil o regulator ripple filter pin this pin must be connected to vss1 with 2.2 f50% capacitor in series. 31 vcom o common voltage output pin bias voltage of adc inputs and dac outputs. this pin must be connected to vss1 with 2.2 f50% capacitor in series. 32 lin3 i lch analog input 3 pin 33 rin3 i rch analog input 3 pin 34 lin2 i lch analog input 2 pin 35 rin2 i rch analog input 2 pin 36 mpwr2 o mic power supply pin for microphone 2 note 2. all input pins except analog input pins (lin1, rin1, lin2, rin2, lin3, rin3) must not be left floating.
[AK4953A] ms1252-e-00 2010/10 - 6 - handling of unused pin the unused i/o pins must be processed appropriately as below. classification pin name setting analog mpwr1, mpwr2, spn, spp, hpl, hpr, cp, cn, pvee, lin1/dmdat, rin1/dmclk, lin2, rin2, lin3, rin3 these pins must be open. mcko this pin must be open. digital mcki this pin must be connected to vss2. absolute maximum ratings (vss1=vss2=vss3=vss4=0v; note 3 ) parameter symbol min max units power supplies: analog avdd ? 0.3 6.0 v digital dvdd ? 0.3 2.5 v digital i/o tvdd ? 0.3 6.0 v speaker-amp svdd ? 0.3 6.0 v input current, any pin except supplies iin - 10 ma analog input voltage ( note 5 ) vina ? 0.3 avdd+0.3 v digital input voltage ( note 6 ) vind ? 0.3 tvdd+0.3 v ambient temperature (powered applied) ta ? 30 85 c storage temperature tstg ? 65 150 c ta = 85 c ( note 8 ) pd1 - 660 mw maximum power dissipation ( note 7 ) ta = 70 c ( note 9 ) pd2 - 900 mw note 3. all voltages are with respect to ground. note 4. vss1, vss2, vss3 and vss4 must be connected to the same analog ground plane. note 5. lin1, rin1, lin2, rin2, lin3, rin3 pins note 6. pdn, csn, cclk, cdtio, sdti, lrck, bick and mcki pins pull-up resistors at sda and scl pins should be connected to (tvdd+0.3)v or less voltage. note 7. in case that pcb wiring density is 100% over. this power is the AK4953A internal dissipation that does not include power dissipation of externally connected speakers. note 8. the speaker amplifier is not available. note 9. the speaker amplifier is available. warning: operation at or beyond these limits may result in permanent damage to the device. normal operation is not guara nteed at these extremes.
[AK4953A] ms1252-e-00 2010/10 - 7 - recommended operating conditions (vss1=vss2=vss3=vss4=0v; note 3 ) parameter symbol min typ max units power supplies analog avdd 2.85 3.3 3.5 v ( note 10 ) digital dvdd 1.6 1.8 2.0 v digital i/o tvdd dvdd 3.3 3.5 v spk-amp svdd 0.9 3.3 5.5 v note 3. all voltages are with respect to ground. note 10. the power-up sequence between avdd, dvdd, tvdd and svdd is not critical. the pdn pin must be ?l? upon power up, and should be changed to ?h? after all power supplies are supplied to avoid an internal circuit error. * when svdd is powered on and the pdn pin is ?l?, avdd, dvdd or tvdd can be powered on/off. when tvdd is powered on and the p dn pin is ?l?, avdd, dvdd or svdd can be powered on/off. when the AK4953A is changed from power down state to power on, the pdn pin must be ?h? after all power supplies are on. * akm assumes no responsibility for the usage beyond the conditions in this datasheet.
[AK4953A] ms1252-e-00 2010/10 - 8 - analog characteristics (ta=25 c; avdd=tvdd=svdd=3.3v, dvdd=1.8v; vss1=vss2=v ss3=vss4=0v; fs=44.1khz, bick=64fs; signal frequency=1khz; 24bit data; measurement frequency=20hz 20khz; unless otherwise specified) parameter min typ max units mic amplifier: lin1, rin1, lin2, rin2, lin3, rin3 pins input resistance 20 30 40 k mgain2-0 bits = ?000? -1 0 +1 db mgain2-0 bits = ?001? +11 +12 +13 db mgain2-0 bits = ?010? +15 +16 +17 db mgain2-0 bits = ?011? +19 +20 +21 db mgain2-0 bits = ?100? +22 +23 +24 db mgain2-0 bits = ?101? +25 +26 +27 db gain mgain2-0 bits = ?110? +28 +29 +30 db mic power supply: mpwr1, mpwr2 pins output voltage 2.1 2.3 2.5 v output noise level (a-weighted) - -108 - dbv psrr (f = 1khz) ( note 11 ) - 100 - db load resistance 1.0 - - k load capacitance - - 30 pf adc analog input characteristics: lin1/rin1/lin2/rin2/lin3/rin3 pins adc programmable filter (ivol=0db, eq=alc=off) sdto resolution - - 24 bits ( note 12 ) 0.21 0.24 0.27 vpp input voltage ( note 13 ) 2.16 2.4 2.64 vpp ( note 12 ) 72 82 - dbfs fs=44.1khz bw=20khz ( note 13 ) - 85 - dbfs ( note 12 ) - 79 - dbfs s/(n+d) (-1dbfs) fs=96khz bw=40khz ( note 13 ) - 80 - dbfs ( note 12 ) 78 88 - db d-range ( ? 60dbfs, a-weighted) ( note 13 ) - 96 - db ( note 12 ) 78 88 - db s/n (a-weighted) ( note 13 ) - 96 - db ( note 12 ) 75 90 - db interchannel isolation ( note 13 ) - 100 - db ( note 12 ) - 0 0.8 db interchannel gain mismatch ( note 13 ) - 0 0.8 db note 11. psr is applied to avdd with 500mpvpp sine wave. note 12. mgain2-0 bits = ?011? (+20db) note 13. mgain2-0 bits = ?000? (0db)
[AK4953A] ms1252-e-00 2010/10 - 9 - parameter min typ max units dac characteristics: resolution - - 24 bits headphone-amp characteristics: dac hpl, hpr pins, alc=off, ovol=dvol= 0db, r l =16 (0dbfs) - 1.75 - vpp output voltage (0dbfs) (-3dbfs) 1.11 1.24 1.37 vpp (0dbfs) fs=44.1khz, bw=20khz ( note 14 ) - 80 - db fs=44.1khz, bw=20khz 70 80 - db s/(n+d) (-3dbfs) fs=96khz, bw=40khz - 77 - db s/n (a-weighted) 86 96 - db interchannel isolation 75 90 - db interchannel gain mismatch - 0 0.8 db output offset voltage - 1 0 + 1 mv psrr (f = 1khz) ( note 15 ) - 80 - db load resistance 16 - - load capacitance - - 300 pf speaker-amp characteristics: dac spp/spn pins, alc=off, ovol=dvol= 0db, r l =8 , btl output voltage ( note 16 ) spkg1-0 bits = ?00?, ? 0.5dbfs (po=150mw) - 3.18 - vpp spkg1-0 bits = ?01?, ? 0.5dbfs (po=250mw) 3.20 4.00 4.80 vpp spkg1-0 bits = ?10?, ? 0.5dbfs (po=400mw) - 1.79 - vrms spkg1-0 bits = ?00?, ? 1.5dbfs (po=100mw) ( note 17 ) - 0.9 - vrms s/(n+d) spkg1-0 bits = ?00?, ? 0.5dbfs (po=150mw) - 70 - db spkg1-0 bits = ?01?, ? 0.5dbfs (po=250mw) 40 70 - db spkg1-0 bits = ?10?, ? 0.5dbfs (po=400mw) - 20 - db spkg1-0 bits = ?00?, ? 1.5dbfs (po=100mw) ( note 17 ) - 20 - db s/n (a-weighted) 85 95 - db output offset voltage -30 0 +30 mv psrr (f = 1khz) ( note 18 ) - 50 - db load resistance 6.8 8 - load capacitance - - 30 pf note 14. when cpck bit = ?1?. note 15. psr is applied to avdd or dvdd with 500mpvpp sine wave. note 16. the output level is calculated by assuming that output signals are not clipped. in the actual case, the output signal is clipped when dac outputs 0dbfs signal. therefore, dac output level should be set to lower level by setting digital volume so that speaker-amp output level is not clipped. note 17. when svdd = 1.5v. note 18. psr is applied to avdd or svdd with 500mpvpp sine wave.
[AK4953A] ms1252-e-00 2010/10 - 10 - parameter min typ max units power supplies: power up (pdn pin = ?h?) mic + adc + dac + headphone out avdd+dvdd+tvdd ( note 19 ) - 8.9 13.4 ma avdd+dvdd+tvdd ( note 20 ) - 6.1 - ma svdd (no load) - 11 17 a mic + adc + dac + speaker out avdd+dvdd+tvdd ( note 21 ) - 7.8 11.7 ma avdd+dvdd+tvdd ( note 22 ) - 5.1 - ma svdd (no load) - 1.3 2.0 ma mic + adc ( note 23 ) avdd+dvdd+tvdd - 3.3 - ma dac + headphone out ( note 24 ) avdd+dvdd+tvdd - 3.6 - ma power down (pdn pin = ?l?) ( note 25 ) avdd+dvdd+tvdd+svdd - 1 10 a svdd ( note 26 ) - 0 10 a note 19. when pll master mode (mcki=12mhz), and pmadl=pmadr=pmdac=pmpfil=pmhpl=pmhpr= pmvcm=pmpll=mcko=pmbp=pmmp=m/s bits = ?1?. in this case, the mpwr1 (mpwr2) pin outputs 0ma. avdd= 4.6 ma (typ), dvdd= 2.2 ma (typ), tvdd= 2.1 ma (typ). note 20. when ext slave mode (pmpll=m/s=mcko bits =?0?), pmadl=pmadr=pmdac=pmhpl=pmhpr= pmvcm=pmbp=pmmp bits = ?1?, and pmpfil bit = ?0?. in this case, the mpwr1 (mpwr2) pin outputs 0ma. avdd= 4.2 ma (typ), dvdd= 1.8 ma(typ), tvdd= 0.1 ma (typ). note 21. when pll master mode (mcki=12mhz ), and pmadl=pmadr=pm dac=pmpfil=pmspk=pmvcm= pmpll=mcko=pmbp=pmmp=m/s bits = ?1?. in this case, the mpwr1 (mpwr2) pin outputs 0ma. avdd= 3.9 ma (typ), dvdd= 1.8 ma (typ), tvdd= 2.1 ma (typ). note 22. when ext slave mode (pmpll=m/s=mcko bits =?0?), pmadl=pmadr=pmdac=pmspk=pmvcm= pmbp=pmmp bits = ?1?, and pmpfil bit = ?0?. in this case, the mpwr1 (mpwr2) pin outputs 0ma. avdd= 3.6 ma (typ), dvdd= 1.4 ma (typ), tvdd= 0.1 ma (typ). note 23. when ext slave mode (pmpll=m/s=mcko bits =?0?), pmadl=pmadr=pmvcm bits = ?1?, and pmpfil bit = ?0?. avdd= 2.2 ma (typ), dvdd= 1.0 ma(typ), tvdd= 0.1 ma (typ). note 24. when ext slave mode (pmpll=m/s=mcko bits =?0?), pmdac=pmhpl=pmhpr=pmvcm bits = ?1?, and pmpfil bit = ?0?. avdd= 2.5 ma (typ), dvdd= 1.1 ma(typ), tvdd= 0 ma (typ). note 25. all digital input pins are fixed to tvdd or vss2. note 26. when avdd, dvdd, and tvdd are powered off.
[AK4953A] ms1252-e-00 2010/10 - 11 - power consumption on each operation mode conditions: ta=25 c; avdd=tvdd=svdd=3.3v, dvdd=1.8v; vss1 =vss2=vss3=vss4=0v; fs=44.1khz, external slave mode, bick=64fs; 1khz, 0dbfs input; headphone & speaker = no output. power management bit 00h 01h mode pmvcm pmspk pmdac pmadl pmadr pmhpl pmhpr avdd [ma] dvdd [ma] tvdd [ma] svdd [ma] total power [mw] all power-down 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 lin1/rin1 : adc 1 0 0 1 1 0 0 2.2 1.0 0.1 0 9.4 lin1 (mono) : adc 1 0 0 1 0 0 0 1.5 1.0 0.1 0 7.1 dac : hp 1 0 1 0 0 1 1 2.5 1.1 0 0 10.2 dac : spk 1 1 1 0 0 0 0 1.8 0.7 0 1.3 11.5 lin1/rin1 : adc & dac : hp 1 0 1 1 1 1 1 3.9 1.8 0.1 0 16.4 lin1/rin1 : adc & dac : spk 1 1 1 1 1 0 0 3.1 1.4 0.1 1.3 17.4 table 1. power consumption on each operation mode (typ)
[AK4953A] ms1252-e-00 2010/10 - 12 - adc filter characteristics (fs=44.1khz) (ta =25 c; avdd=2.85~3.5v, dvdd=1.6 2.0v, tvdd=dvdd~3.5v, svdd=0.9 5.5v) parameter symbol min typ max units adc digital filter (decimation lpf): passband ( note 27 ) 0.16db pb 0 - 17.3 khz ? 0.66db - 19.4 - khz ? 1.1db - 19.9 - khz ? 6.9db - 22.1 - khz stopband sb 26.1 - - khz passband ripple pr - - 0.16 db stopband attenuation sa 73 - - db group delay ( note 28 ) gd - 16 - 1/fs group delay distortion gd - 0 - s adc digital filter (hpf): hpfc1-0 bits = ?00? frequency response ? 3.0db fr - 3.4 - hz ? 0.5db - 10 - hz ? 0.1db - 22 - hz adc filter characteristics (fs=96khz) (ta =25 c; avdd=2.85~3.5v, dvdd=1.6 2.0v, tvdd=dvdd ~ 3.5v, svdd=0.9 5.5v) parameter symbol min typ max units adc digital filter (decimation lpf): passband ( note 27 ) 0.16db pb 0 - 37.7 khz ? 0.66db - 42.2 - khz ? 1.1db - 43.3 - khz ? 6.9db - 48.0 - khz stopband sb 56.8 - - khz passband ripple pr - - 0.16 db stopband attenuation sa 73 - - db group delay ( note 28 ) gd - 16 - 1/fs group delay distortion gd - 0 - s adc digital filter (hpf): hpfc1-0 bits = ?00? frequency response ? 3.0db fr - 7.4 - hz ? 0.5db - 21.8 - hz ? 0.1db - 47.9 - hz note 27. the passband and stopband frequencies scale with fs (s ystem sampling rate). each response refers to that of 1khz. note 28. a calculating delay time which indu ced by digital filtering. this time is fro m the input of an analog signal to the setting of 24-bit data of both channels to the adc output register. for the signal through the programmable filters (first hpf + first lpf + 4-band equalizer + alc + equalizer), the group delay is increased 4/fs from the value above if there is no phase change by the iir filter.
[AK4953A] ms1252-e-00 2010/10 - 13 - dac filter characteristics (fs=44.1khz) (ta =25 c; avdd=2.85 ~ 3.5v, dvdd =1.6 2.0v, tvdd=dvdd ~ 3.5v, svdd=0.9 5.5v; dem=off) parameter symbol min typ max units dac digital filter (lpf): passband ( note 29 ) 0.05db pb 0 - 20.0 khz ? 6.0db - 22.05 - khz stopband sb 24.1 - - khz passband ripple pr - - 0.05 db stopband attenuation sa 54 - - db group delay ( note 30 ) gd - 22 - 1/fs dac digital filter (lpf) + scf: frequency response: 0 20.0khz fr - 1.0 - db dac filter characteristics (fs=96khz) (ta =25 c; avdd=2.85 ~ 3.5v, dvdd =1.6 2.0v, tvdd=dvdd ~ 3.5v, svdd=0.9 5.5v; dem=off) parameter symbol min typ max units dac digital filter (lpf): passband ( note 29 ) 0.05db pb 0 - 43.5 khz ? 6.0db - 48.0 - khz stopband sb 52.5 - - khz passband ripple pr - - 0.05 db stopband attenuation sa 54 - - db group delay ( note 30 ) gd - 22 - 1/fs dac digital filter (lpf) + scf: frequency response: 0 40.0khz fr - 1.0 - db note 29. the passband and stopband frequencies scale with fs (s ystem sampling rate). each response refers to that of 1khz. note 30. a calculating delay time which induced by digital filtering. this time is from setting the 24bit data of both channels to input register to the output of analog signal. for the signal through the programmable filters (first hpf + first lpf + 4-band equalizer + alc + equalizer), the group delay is increased 7/fs from the value above if there is no phase change by the iir filter.
[AK4953A] ms1252-e-00 2010/10 - 14 - dc characteristics (ta =25 c; avdd=2.85 ~ 3.5v, dvdd =1.6 2.0v, tvdd=dvdd ~ 3.5v, svdd=0.9 5.5v) parameter symbol min typ max units audio interface & serial p interface (cdtio/cad0, csn/sda, cclk/scl, i2c, pdn, bick, lrck, sdti, mcki pins ) high-level input voltage (tvdd 2.2v) (tvdd < 2.2v) low-level input voltage (tvdd 2.2v) (tvdd < 2.2v) vih vil 70%tvdd 80%tvdd - - - - - - - - 30%tvdd 20%tvdd v v v v audio interface & serial p interface (cdtio, sda, mcko, bick, lrck, sdto pins output) high-level output voltage (iout = ? 80 a) low-level output voltage (except sda pin : iout = 80 a) (sda pin, 2.0v tvdd 3.5v: iout = 3ma) (sda pin, 1.6v tvdd < 2.0v: iout = 3ma) voh vol1 vol2 vol2 tvdd ? 0.2 - - - - - - - - 0.2 0.4 20%tvdd v v v v input leakage current iin - - 10 a digital mic interface (dmdat pin input ; dmic bit = ?1?) high-level input voltage low-level input voltage vih3 vil3 65%avdd - - - - 35%avdd v v digital mic interface (dmclk pin output ; dmic bit = ?1?) high-level output voltage (iout= ? 80 a) low-level output voltage (iout= 80 a) voh3 vol3 avdd-0.4 - - - - 0.4 v v input leakage current iin - - 10 a
[AK4953A] ms1252-e-00 2010/10 - 15 - switching characteristics (ta =25 c; avdd=2.85 ~ 3.5v, dvdd =1.6 2.0v, tvdd=dvdd ~ 3.5v, svdd=0.9 5.5v; c l =20pf) parameter symbol min typ max units pll master mode (pll reference clock = mcki pin) mcki input timing frequency fclk 11.2896 - 27 mhz pulse width low tclkl 0.4/fclk - - ns pulse width high tclkh 0.4/fclk - - ns mcko output timing frequency fmck 0.2352 - 24.576 mhz duty cycle except 256fs at fs=32khz, 29.4khz dmck 40 50 60 % 256fs at fs=32khz, 29.4khz dmck - 33 - % lrck output timing frequency fs 7.35 - 96 khz duty cycle duty - 50 - % bick output timing period bcko bit = ?0? tbck - 1/(32fs) - ns bcko bit = ?1? tbck - 1/(64fs) - ns duty cycle dbck - 50 - % pll slave mode (pll reference clock = mcki pin) mcki input timing frequency fclk 11.2896 - 27 mhz pulse width low tclkl 0.4/fclk - - ns pulse width high tclkh 0.4/fclk - - ns mcko output timing frequency fmck 0.2352 - 24.576 mhz duty cycle except 256fs at fs=32khz, 29.4khz dmck 40 50 60 % 256fs at fs=32khz, 29.4khz dmck - 33 - % lrck input timing frequency fs 7.35 - 96 khz duty duty 45 - 55 % bick input timing period tbck 1/(64fs) - 1/(32fs) ns pulse width low tbckl 0.4 x tbck - - ns pulse width high tbckh 0.4 x tbck - - ns
[AK4953A] ms1252-e-00 2010/10 - 16 - parameter symbol min typ max units pll slave mode (pll reference clock = bick pin) lrck input timing frequency fs 7.35 - 96 khz duty duty 45 - 55 % bick input timing period pll3-0 bits = ?0010? tbck - 1/(32fs) - ns pll3-0 bits = ?0011? tbck - 1/(64fs) - ns pulse width low tbckl 0.4 x tbck - - ns pulse width high tbckh 0.4 x tbck - - ns external slave mode mcki input timing frequency 256fs fclk 1.8816 - 24.576 mhz 384fs fclk 2.8224 - 18.432 mhz 512fs fclk 3.7632 - 24.576 mhz 1024fs fclk 7.5264 - 12.288 mhz pulse width low tclkl 0.4/fclk - - ns pulse width high tclkh 0.4/fclk - - ns lrck input timing frequency 256fs fs 7.35 - 96 khz 384fs fs 7.35 - 48 khz 512fs fs 7.35 - 48 khz 1024fs fs 7.35 - 12 khz duty duty 45 - 55 % bick input timing period tbck 156.25 - - ns pulse width low tbckl 65 - - ns pulse width high tbckh 65 - - ns external master mode mcki input timing frequency 256fs fclk 1.8816 - 24.576 mhz 384fs fclk 2.8224 - 18.432 mhz 512fs fclk 3.7632 - 24.576 mhz 1024fs fclk 7.5264 - 12.288 mhz pulse width low tclkl 0.4/fclk - - ns pulse width high tclkh 0.4/fclk - - ns lrck output timing frequency fs 7.35 - 96 khz duty cycle duty - 50 - % bick output timing period bcko bit = ?0? tbck - 1/(32fs) - ns bcko bit = ?1? tbck - 1/(64fs) - ns duty cycle dbck - 50 - %
[AK4953A] ms1252-e-00 2010/10 - 17 - parameter symbol min typ max units audio interface timing master mode bick ? ? to lrck edge ( note 31 ) tmblr ? 20 - 20 ns lrck edge to sdto (msb) (except i 2 s mode) tlrd ? 35 - 35 ns bick ? ? to sdto tbsd ? 35 - 35 ns sdti hold time tsdh 25 - - ns sdti setup time tsds 20 - - ns slave mode lrck edge to bick ? ? ( note 31 ) tlrb 25 - - ns bick ? ? to lrck edge ( note 31 ) tblr 25 - - ns lrck edge to sdto (msb) (except i 2 s mode) tlrd - - 45 ns bick ? ? to sdto tbsd - - 45 ns sdti hold time tsdh 25 - - ns sdti setup time tsds 20 - - ns control interface ti ming (3-wire mode): cclk period tcck 200 - - ns cclk pulse width low tcckl 80 - - ns pulse width high tcckh 80 - - ns cdtio setup time tcds 40 - - ns cdtio hold time tcdh 40 - - ns csn ?h? time tcsw 150 - - ns csn edge to cclk ? ? ( note 32 ) tcss 50 - - ns cclk ? ? to csn edge ( note 32 ) tcsh 50 - - ns cclk ? ? to cdtio (at read command) tdcd - - 70 ns csn ? ? to cdtio (hi-z) (at read command)( note 34 ) tccz - - 70 ns control interface timing (i 2 c bus mode): scl clock frequency fscl - - 400 khz bus free time between transmissions tbuf 1.3 - - s start condition hold time (prior to first clock pulse) thd:sta 0.6 - - s clock low time tlow 1.3 - - s clock high time thigh 0.6 - - s setup time for repeated start condition tsu:sta 0.6 - - s sda hold time from scl falling ( note 35 ) thd:dat 0 - - s sda setup time from scl rising tsu:dat 0.1 - - s rise time of both sda and scl lines tr - - 0.3 s fall time of both sda and scl lines tf - - 0.3 s setup time for stop condition tsu:sto 0.6 - - s capacitive load on bus cb - - 400 pf pulse width of spike noise suppre ssed by input filter tsp 0 - 50 ns note 31. bick rising edge must not occur at the same time as lrck edge. note 32. cclk rising edge must not occur at the same time as csn edge. note 33. i 2 c-bus is a trademark of nxp b.v. note 34. r l =1k /10% change (pull-up or tvdd) note 35. data must be held for sufficient tim e to bridge the 300 ns transition time of scl.
[AK4953A] ms1252-e-00 2010/10 - 18 - parameter symbol min typ max units digital audio interface timing; fs = 7.35khz ~ 48khz, c l =100pf dmclk output timing period tsck - 1/(64fs) - ns rising time tsrise - - 10 ns falling time tsfall - - 10 ns duty cycle dsck 40 50 60 % audio interface timing dmdat setup time tsds 50 - - ns dmdat hold time tsdh 0 - - ns power-down & reset timing pdn pulse width ( note 36 ) tpd 150 - - ns pmadl or pmadr ? ? to sdto valid ( note 37 ) adrst1-0 bits = ?00? tpdv - 1059 - 1/fs adrst1-0 bits = ?01? tpdv - 267 - 1/fs adrst1-0 bits = ?10?, ?11? tpdv - 2115 - 1/fs note 36. the AK4953A can be reset by the pdn pin = ?l?. note 37. this is the count of lrck ? ? from the pmadl or pmadr bit = ?1?. v timing diagram lrck 1/fclk mcki tclkh tclkl vih vil 1/fmck mcko tmckl 50%tvdd 1/fs tlrckh tlrckl 50%tvdd duty = tlrckh x fs x 100 tlrckl x fs x 100 dmck = tmckl x fmck x 100 note 38. mcko is not available at ext master mode. figure 2. clock timing (pll/ext master mode)
[AK4953A] ms1252-e-00 2010/10 - 19 - lrck 50%tvdd bick 50%tvdd sdto 50%tvdd tbsd tsds sdti vil tsdh vih tmblr tbckl tlrd figure 3. audio interface ti ming (pll/ext master mode) 1/fclk mcki tclkh tclkl vih vil 1/fs lrck vih vil tbck bick tbckh tbckl vih vil tlrckh tlrckl fmck mcko tmckl 50%tvdd dmck = tmckl x fmck x 100 duty = tlrckh x fs x 100 = tlrckl x fs x 100 figure 4. clock timing (pll slave mode; pll reference clock = mcki pin)
[AK4953A] ms1252-e-00 2010/10 - 20 - 1/fclk mcki tclkh tclkl vih vil 1/fs lrck vih vil tbck bick tbckh tbckl vih vil tlrckh tlrckl duty = tlrckh x fs x 100 tlrckl x fs x 100 figure 5. clock timing (ext slave mode) lrck vih vil tblr bick vih vil tlrd sdto 50%tvdd tlrb tbsd tsds sdti vil tsdh vih msb figure 6. audio interface timing (pll/ext slave mode)
[AK4953A] ms1252-e-00 2010/10 - 21 - csn vih vil tcss cclk tcds vih vil cdtio vih tcckh tcckl tcdh vil a6 a5 r/w tcck tcsh figure 7. write command input timing csn vih vil tcsh cclk vih vil cdtio vih tcsw vil d1 d0 d2 tcss figure 8. write data input timing csn cclk 50% dvdd cdtio vih d3 d2 d1 d0 tccz tdcd vil vih vil hi-z clock, h or l figure 9. read data output timing
[AK4953A] ms1252-e-00 2010/10 - 22 - stop start start stop thigh thd:dat sda scl tbuf tlow tr tf tsu:dat vih vil thd:sta tsu:sta vih vil tsu:sto tsp figure 10. i 2 c bus mode timing tsck 65%avdd dmclk 35%avdd tsckl 50%avdd dsck = 100 x tsckl / tsck tsrise tsfall figure 11. dmclk clock timing dmclk 65%avdd dmdat tsds vih3 vil3 tsdh 35%avdd figure 30. audio interface timing (dclkp bit = ?1?) figure 31. audio interface timing (dclkp bit = ?0?) dmclk 65%avdd dmdat tsds vih3 vil3 tsdh 35%avdd
[AK4953A] ms1252-e-00 2010/10 - 23 - pmadl bit or pmadr bit tpdv sdto 50%tvdd figure 12. power down & reset timing 1 tpd pdn vil figure 13. power down & reset timing 2
[AK4953A] ms1252-e-00 2010/10 - 24 - operation overview system clock there are the following five clock modes to interface with external devices ( table 2 , table 3 ). mode pmpll bit m/s bit pll3-0 bits figure pll master mode ( note 39 ) 1 1 table 5 figure 14 pll slave mode 1 (pll reference clock: mcki pin) 1 0 table 5 figure 15 pll slave mode 2 (pll reference clock: lrck or bick pin) 1 0 table 5 figure 16 ext slave mode 0 0 x figure 17 ext master mode 0 1 x figure 18 note 39. if m/s bit = ?1?, pmpll bit = ?0? and mcko bit = ?1? during the setting of pll master mode, the invalid clocks are output from the mcko pin. table 2. clock mode setting (x: don?t care) mode mcko bit mcko pin mcki pin bick pin lrck pin 0 l pll master mode 1 selected by ps1-0 bits selected by pll3-0 bits output (selected by bcko bit) output (1fs) 0 l pll slave mode (pll reference clock: mcki pin) 1 selected by ps1-0 bits selected by pll3-0 bits input ( 32fs) input (1fs) pll slave mode (pll reference clock: bick pin) 0 l gnd input (selected by pll3-0 bits) input (1fs) ext slave mode 0 l selected by fs3-0 bits input ( 32fs) input (1fs) ext master mode 0 l selected by fs3-0 bits output (selected by bcko bit) output (1fs) note 40. when pmvcm bit = m/s bit = ?1? and mcki is input, lrck and bick are output, even if pmdac bit = pmadl bit = pmadr bit = ?0?. table 3. clock pins state in clock mode master mode/slave mode the m/s bit selects either master or sl ave mode. m/s bit = ?1? selects master m ode and ?0? selects slave mode. when the AK4953A is in power-down mode (pdn pin = ?l?) and when exits reset state, the ak44953 is in slave mode. after exiting reset state, the AK4953A goes to master mode by changing m/s bit = ?1?. when the AK4953A is in master mode, the lrck and bick pins are a floating state un til m/s bit becomes ?1?. the lrck and bick pins of the AK4953A must be pulled-down or pulled-up by the resistor (about 100k ) externally to avoid the floating state. m/s bit mode 0 slave mode (default) 1 master mode table 4. select master/slave mode
[AK4953A] ms1252-e-00 2010/10 - 25 - pll mode when pmpll bit is ?1?, a fully integrated analog phase locked loop (pll) circuit generates a clock that is selected by the pll3-0 and fs3-0 bits. the pll lock times, when the AK4953A is supplied stable clocks or the sampling frequency is changed after pll is powered-up (pmpll bit = ?0? ?1?), are shown in table 5 . 1) pll mode setting mode pll3 bit pll2 bit pll1 bit pll0 bit pll reference clock input pin input frequency pll lock time (max) 2 0 0 1 0 bick pin 32fs 2 ms 3 0 0 1 1 bick pin 64fs 2 ms 4 0 1 0 0 mcki pin 11.2896mhz 10 ms 6 0 1 1 0 mcki pin 12mhz 10 ms 7 0 1 1 1 mcki pin 24mhz 10 ms 12 1 1 0 0 mcki pin 13.5mhz 10 ms 13 1 1 0 1 mcki pin 27mhz 10 ms others others n/a note 41. pll3-0 bits = ?0000?(default: n/a). when pll mode is used, pll3-0 bits must be set before pmpll bit = ?0? ? ?1?. table 5. pll mode setting (*fs: sampling frequency, n/a: not available) 2) setting of sampling frequency in pll mode when pll2 bit is ?1? (pll reference clock input is mcki pin), the sampling frequency is selected by fs3-0 bits as defined in table 6 . mode fs3 bit fs2 bit fs1 bit fs0 bit ds bit sampling frequency 0 0 0 0 0 8khz (default) 1 0 0 0 1 12khz 2 0 0 1 0 16khz 3 0 0 1 1 24khz 4 0 1 0 0 7.35khz 5 0 1 0 1 11.025khz 6 0 1 1 0 14.7khz 7 0 1 1 1 22.05khz 8 1 0 0 0 32khz 9 1 0 0 1 0 48khz 10 1 0 1 0 64khz 11 1 0 1 1 1 96khz 12 1 1 0 0 29.4khz 13 1 1 0 1 0 44.1khz 15 1 1 1 1 1 88.2khz others others n/a table 6. setting of sampling frequency at pll2 bit = ?1? and pmpll bit = ?1? (reference clock = mcki pi n), (n/a: not available) when pll2 bit is ?0? (pll reference clock input is bick pin), the sampling frequency is selected by fs1-0 bits ( table 7 ). mode fs3 bit fs2 bit fs1 bit fs0 bit ds bit sampling frequency range 0 x x 0 0 7.35khz d fs d 12khz (default) 1 x x 0 1 12khz < fs d 24khz 2 x x 1 0 0 24khz < fs d 48khz 3 x x 1 1 1 48khz < fs d 96khz others others n/a table 7. setting of sampling frequency at pll2 bit = ?0? and pmpll bit = ?1? pll slave mode 2 (pll reference clock: bick pin), (x: don?t care, n/a: not available)
[AK4953A] ms1252-e-00 2010/10 - 26 - pll unlock state 1) pll master mode (pmpll bit = ?1?, m/s bit = ?1?) in this mode, the lrck pin goes to ?l? and the bick pin goes to ?h?, and irregular frequency clock is output from the mcko pin when mcko bit is ?1? before the p ll goes to lock state after pmpll bit = ?0? ? ?1?. if mcko bit is ?0?, the mcko pin outputs ?l? ( table 8 ). after the pll is locked, a first period of lrck and bick may be invalid clock, but these clocks return to normal state after a period of 1/fs. mcko pin pll state mcko bit = ?0? mcko bit = ?1? bick pin lrck pin after pmpll bit ?0? ?1? ?l? output invalid ?h? output ?l? output pll unlock (except the case above) ?l? output invalid invalid invalid pll lock ?l? output table 10 table 11 1fs output table 8. clock operation at pll master mode (pmpll bit = ?1?, m/s bit = ?1?) 2) pll slave mode (pmpll b it = ?1?, m/s bit = ?0?) in this mode, an invalid clock is output from the mcko pin before the pll goes to lock state after pmpll bit = ?0? ?1?. then, the clock selected by table 10 is output from the mcko pin when pll is locked. adc and dac output invalid data when the pll is unlocked. dac should be powered up by pmdac bit ?0? ?1? after pll is locked. mcko pin pll state mcko bit = ?0? mcko bit = ?1? after pmpll bit ?0? ?1? ?l? output invalid pll unlock (except the case above) ?l? output invalid pll lock ?l? output table 10 table 9. clock operation at pll slave mode (pmpll bit = ?1?, m/s bit = ?0?)
[AK4953A] ms1252-e-00 2010/10 - 27 - pll master mode (pmpll bit = ?1?, m/s bit = ?1?) when an external clock (11.2896mhz, 12mhz, 13.5mhz, 24mhz or 27mhz) is input to the mcki pin, the internal pll circuit generates mcko, bick and lrck clocks. the mcko output frequency is selected by ps1-0 bits ( table 10 ) and the output is enabled by mcko bit. the bick output frequency is selected between 32fs or 64fs, by bcko bit ( table 11 ). AK4953A dsp or p mcko bick lrck sdto sdti bclk lrck sdti sdto mcki 1f s 32fs, 64fs 256fs/128fs/64fs/32fs 11.2896mhz,12mhz, 13.5mhz, 24mhz, 27mhz mclk figure 14. pll master mode mode ps1 bit ps0 bit mcko pin 0 0 0 256fs (default) 1 0 1 128fs 2 1 0 64fs 3 1 1 32fs table 10. mcko output frequency (pll mode, mcko bit = ?1?) bcko bit bick output frequency 0 32fs (default) 1 64fs table 11. bick output frequency at master mode
[AK4953A] ms1252-e-00 2010/10 - 28 - pll slave mode (pmpll bit = ?1?, m/s bit = ?0?) a reference clock of pll is selected among the input clocks to the mcki, bick or lrck pins. the required clock for the AK4953A is generated by an internal pll circuit. input frequency is selected by pll3-0 bits ( table 5 ). a) pll reference clock: mcki pin the bick and lrck inputs must be synchronized with mcko output. the phase between mcko and lrck is not important. the mcko pin outputs the frequency selected by ps1-0 bits ( table 10 ) and the output is enabled by mcko bit. sampling frequency can be selected by fs3-0 bits and ds bit. ( table 6 ) AK4953A dsp or p mcko bick lrck sdto sdti bclk lrck sdti sdto mcki 1f s 32fs 11.2896mhz, 12mhz, 13.5mhz, 24mhz , 27mhz mclk 256fs/128fs/64fs/32fs figure 15. pll slave mode 1 (pll reference clock: mcki pin) b) pll reference clock: bick pin the sampling frequency corresponds to a range from 7.35kh z to 96khz by changing fs3-0 bits and ds bit ( table 7 ). AK4953A dsp or p mcki bick lrck sdto sdti bclk lrck sdti sdto mcko 1fs 32fs or 64fs figure 16. pll slave mode 2 (pll reference clock: bick pin)
[AK4953A] ms1252-e-00 2010/10 - 29 - ext slave mode (pmpll bit = ?0?, m/s bit = ?0?) when pmpll bit is ?0?, the AK4953A becomes ext mode. master clock can be input to the internal adc and dac directly from the mcki pin without internal pll circuit operation. this mode is compatible with i/f of a normal audio codec. the external clocks required to operate this m ode are mcki (256fs, 384fs, 512fs or 1024fs), lrck (fs) and bick ( 32fs). the master clock (mcki) must be synchronized with lrck. the phase between these clocks is not important. the input frequency of mcki is selected by fs3-2 bits ( table 12 ). mode fs3 bit fs2 bit fs1 bit fs0 bit ds bit mcki input frequency sampling frequency range 0 0 0 7.35khz fs 12khz (default) 1 0 1 12khz < fs 24khz 2 1 0 0 24khz < fs 48khz 3 0 0 1 1 1 256fs 48khz < fs 96khz 4 0 0 7.35khz fs 12khz 5 0 1 12khz < fs 24khz 6 0 1 1 0 0 384fs 24khz < fs 48khz 8 0 0 7.35khz fs 12khz 9 0 1 12khz < fs 24khz 10 1 0 1 0 0 512fs 24khz < fs 48khz 12 1 1 0 0 0 1024fs 7.35khz fs 12khz others others n/a n/a table 12. mcki frequency at ext slave mode (pmpll bit = ?0?, m/s bit = ?0?), (n/a: not available) the s/n of the dac at low sampling frequencies is worse than at high sampling frequencies due to out-of-band noise. the out-of-band noise can be improved by using higher freque ncy of the master clock. the s/n of the dac output through hpl/hpr pins is shown in table 13 . mcki s/n (fs=8khz, 20khzlpf + a-weighted) 256fs 83 db 384fs 83 db 512fs 95 db 1024fs 96 db table 13. relationship between mcki and s/n of hpl/hpr pins AK4953A dsp or p mcki bick lrck sdto sdti bclk lrck sdti sdto mcko 1fs 32fs mclk 256fs, 384fs, 512fs or 1024fs figure 17. ext slave mode
[AK4953A] ms1252-e-00 2010/10 - 30 - ext master mode (pmpll bit = ?0?, m/s bit = ?1?) the AK4953A becomes ext master mode by setting pmpll bit = ?0? and m/s bit = ?1?. master clock can be input to the internal adc and dac directly from the mcki pin without the internal pll circuit operation. the external clock required to operate the AK4953A is mcki (256fs, 384fs, 512fs or 1024fs). the input frequency of mcki is selected by fs3-2 bits ( table 14 ). mode fs3 bit fs2 bit fs1 bit fs0 bit ds bit mcki input frequency sampling frequency range 0 0 0 7.35khz fs 12khz (default) 1 0 1 12khz < fs 24khz 2 1 0 0 24khz < fs 48khz 3 0 0 1 1 1 256fs 48khz < fs 96khz 4 0 0 7.35khz fs 12khz 5 0 1 12khz < fs 24khz 6 0 1 1 0 0 384fs 24khz < fs 48khz 8 0 0 7.35khz fs 12khz 9 0 1 12khz < fs 24khz 10 1 0 1 0 0 512fs 24khz < fs 48khz 12 1 1 0 0 0 1024fs 7.35khz fs 12khz others others n/a n/a table 14. mcki frequency at ext master mode (pmp ll bit = ?0?, m/s bit = ?1?) (n/a: not available) the s/n of the dac at low sampling frequencies is worse than at high sampling frequencies due to out-of-band noise. the out-of-band noise can be improved by using higher freque ncy of the master clock. the s/n of the dac output through hpl/hpr pins is shown in table 15 . mcki s/n (fs=8khz, 20khzlpf + a-weighted) 256fs 83 db 384fs 83 db 512fs 95 db 1024fs 96 db table 15. relationship between mcki and s/n of lout/rout pins AK4953A dsp or p mcki bick lrck sdto sdti bclk lrck sdti sdto mcko 1fs 32fs or 64fs mclk 256fs, 384fs, 512fs or 1024fs figure 18. ext master mode bcko bit bick output frequency 0 32fs (default) 1 64fs table 16. bick output frequency at master mode
[AK4953A] ms1252-e-00 2010/10 - 31 - system reset upon power-up, the AK4953A must be reset by bringing the pdn pin = ?l?. this reset is released when a dummy command is input after the pdn pin = ?h?. this ensures that all internal registers reset to their initial value. dummy command is executed by writing all ?0? to the register address 00h. it is recommended to set the pdn pin = ?l? before power up the AK4953A. csn cclk 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 c dtio a6 a5 a2 a3 a1 a0 a4 d7 d6 d5 d4 d3 d2 d1 d0 r/w r/w: read/write (?1?: write) a6-a0: register address (00h) d7-d0: control data (input), (00h) ?h? or ?l? ?h? or ?l? ?h? o r ?l ? ?h? or ?l? figure 19. dummy command in 3-wired serial mode sda slave address s s t a r t r/w="0" n a c k sub address(00h) n a c k data(00h) n a c k p s t o p figure 20. dummy command in i 2 c-bus mode the adc enters an initialization cycle when the pmadl or pmadr bit is changed from ?0? to ?1?. the initialization cycle time is set by adrst1-0 bits ( table 17 ). during the initialization cycle, the adc digital data outputs of both channels are forced to a 2's complement, ?0?. the adc output reflects the analog input signa l after the initialization cycle is complete. when using a digital microphone, th e initialization cycle is the same as adc?s. note 42. the initial data of adc has offset data that depends on the condition of the microphone and the cut-off frequency of hpf. if this offset is not small, make in itialization cycle longer by se tting adrst1-0 bits or do not use the initial data of adc. init cycle adrst1 bit adrst0 bit cycle fs = 8khz fs = 16khz fs = 44.1khz fs = 96khz 0 0 1059/fs 132.4ms 66.2ms 24ms 11ms (default) 0 1 267/fs 33.4ms 16.7ms n/a n/a 1 0 2115/fs 264.4ms 132.2ms 48ms 22ms 1 1 2115/fs 264.4ms 132.2ms 48ms 22ms table 17. adc initialization cycle (n/a: not available)
[AK4953A] ms1252-e-00 2010/10 - 32 - audio interface format four types of data formats are available and selected by setting the dif1-0 bits ( table 18 ). in all modes, the serial data is msb first, 2?s complement format. audio interface formats can be used in both master and slave modes. lrck and bick are output from the AK4953A in master mode, but must be input to the AK4953A in slave mode. the sdto is clocked out on the falling edge (? ?) of bick and the sdti is latched on the rising edge (? ?) of bick. mode dif1 bit dif0 bit sdto (adc) sdti (dac) bick figure 0 0 0 24bit msb justified 24bit lsb justified 48fs figure 21 1 0 1 24bit msb justified 16bit lsb justified 32fs figure 22 2 1 0 24bit msb justified 24bit msb justified 48fs figure 23 (default) 3 1 1 i 2 s compatible i 2 s compatible =32fs or 48fs figure 24 table 18. audio interface format if 24-bit (16-bit) data, the output of adc, is converted to 8-bit data by removing lsb 16-bit (8-bit), ? ? 1? at 24-bit (16bit) data is converted to ? ? 1? at 8-bit data. and when the dac playbacks this 8-bit data, ? ? 1? at 8-bit data will be converted to ? ? 65536? at 24-bit (? ? 256? at 16-bit) data which is a large offset. this offset can be removed by adding the offset of ?32768? at 24-bit (?128? at 16-bit) to 24-bit (16- bit) data before converting to 8-bit data. lrck bick(64fs) sdto ( o ) 0 1 2 8 9 10 20 21 31 0 1 2 8 9 10 20 21 31 0 23 1 22 0 23 22 16 15 14 0 23 sdti(i) 1 22 0 23 12 11 1 22 0 23 12 11 23:msb, 0:lsb lch data rch data don?t care don?t care 16 15 14 figure 21. mode 0 timing lrck bick ( 64fs ) sdto(o) 0 1 2 3 15 16 17 18 0 1 2 3 15 16 18 17 31 1 sdti ( i ) 23 24 30 23 24 25 23 22 8 13 8 15 14 24bit: 23:msb, 0:lsb 16bit: 15: msb, 0:lsb lch data rch data don?t care 21 5 0 7 6 bick(32fs) sdto ( o ) 0 1 2 3 7 8 9 10 0 1 2 3 15 9 11 10 0 1 sdti(i) 12 13 14 12 13 14 22 21 22 21 10 823 9 15 14 13 12 11 15 23 10 8 9 15 14 13 12 11 8 23 14 13 14 13 2 015 1 7 6 5 4 3 15 2 0 1 7 6 5 4 3 15 0 21 31 23 22 8 13 8 15 14 21 5 0 76 0 2 1 30 don?t care 23 figure 22. mode 1 timing
[AK4953A] ms1252-e-00 2010/10 - 33 - lrck bclk(64fs) sdto ( o ) 0 1 2 18 19 20 21 22 0 1 2 18 19 20 22 21 0 1 sdti(i) 23 24 25 23 24 25 23 22 4 23 22 5 4 5 4 1 22 0 23 3 2 1 22 0 23 3 2 23:msb, 0:lsb lch data rch data don?t care don?t care 5 5 4 1 0 32 10 3 2 23 figure 23. mode 2 timing lrck bick ( 64fs ) sdto(o) 0 1 2 3 19 20 21 22 0 1 2 3 19 20 22 21 0 1 sdti ( i ) 23 24 25 23 24 25 23 22 4 23 22 5 4 5 4 1 22 0 23 3 2 1 22 0 23 3 2 23:msb, 0:lsb lch data rch data don?t care don?t care 5 5 4 1 0 3 2 10 3 2 bick(32fs) sdto ( o ) 0 1 2 3 7 8 9 10 0 1 2 3 15 9 11 10 0 1 sdti(i) 12 13 14 12 13 14 23 22 23 22 11 98 10 16 15 14 13 12 15 8 11 9 10 16 15 14 13 12 8 8 23 22 23 22 11 98 10 16 15 14 13 12 8 11 9 10 16 15 14 13 12 8 figure 24. mode 3 timing mono/stereo mode pmadl, pmadr, pmdml and pmdmr bits set mono/stereo adc operation. when changing adc operation and analog/digital microphone, pmadl, pmadr, pmdml and pmdmr bits must be set ?0? at first. when dmic bit = ?1?, pmadl and pmadr bit settings are ignored. when dmic bit = ?0?, pmdml and pmdmr bit settings are ignored. pmadl bit pmadr bit adc lch data adc rch data 0 0 all ?0? all ?0? (default) 0 1 rch input signal rch input signal 1 0 lch input signal lch input signal 1 1 lch input signal rch input signal table 19. mono/stereo adc operation (analog mic) pmdml bit pmdmr bit adc lch data adc rch data 0 0 all ?0? all ?0? (default) 0 1 rch input signal rch input signal 1 0 lch input signal lch input signal 1 1 lch input signal rch input signal table 20. mono/stereo adc operation (digital mic)
[AK4953A] ms1252-e-00 2010/10 - 34 - mic/line input selector the AK4953A has an input selector. inl1-0 and inr1-0 bits select lin1/lin2 /lin3 and rin1/rin2/rin3, respectively. when dmic bit = ?1?, digital microphone input is selected regardless of inl and inr bits. dmic bit inl1 bit inl0 bit inr1 bit inr0 bit lch rch 0 0 0 0 lin1 rin1 (default) 0 0 0 1 lin1 rin2 0 0 1 0 lin1 rin3 0 1 0 0 lin2 rin1 0 1 0 1 lin2 rin2 0 1 1 0 lin2 rin3 1 0 0 0 lin3 rin1 1 0 0 1 lin3 rin2 1 0 1 0 lin3 rin3 0 others n/a n/a 1 x x x x digital microphone table 21. mic/line in path select (x: don?t care, n/a: not available) mic gain amplifier the AK4953A has a gain amplifier for microphone input. the gain of mic-amp is selected by the mgain3-0 bits ( table 22 ). the typical input impedance is 30k . mgain2 bit mgain1 bit mgain0 bit input gain 0 0 0 0db 0 0 1 +12db 0 1 0 +16db 0 1 1 +20db (default) 1 0 0 +23db 1 0 1 +26db 1 1 0 +29db others n/a table 22. input gain (n/a: not available)
[AK4953A] ms1252-e-00 2010/10 - 35 - mic power when pmmp bit = ?1?, the mpwr1 or mpwr2 pin supplies power for the microphones. this output voltage is typically 2.3v and the load resistance is minimum 1k . in case of using two sets of stereo microphones, the load resistance is minimum 2k for each channel. any capacitor must not be conn ected directly to the mpwr1 and mpwr2 pins ( figure 25 ). pmmp bit mpsel bit output 0 x hi-z (default) 0 mpwr1 pin 1 1 mpwr2 pin table 23. mic power mpwr1 pin figure 25. mic block circuit
[AK4953A] ms1252-e-00 2010/10 - 36 - digital mic 1. connection to digital microphones the AK4953A can be connected to a digital microphone by setting dmic bit = ?1?, and it supports sampling frequency up to 48khz. when dmic bit is set to ?1?, the lin1 and rin1 pins become dmdat (digital microphone data input) and dmclk (digital microphone clock supply) pins respectively. th e same voltage as avdd must be provided to the digital microphone. the figure 26 and figure 27 show mono/stereo connection examples. the dmclk signal is output from the AK4953A, and the digital microphone outputs 1bit data, which generated by ? modulator using, from dmdat. pmdml/r bits control power up/down of the digital block (decimation filter and digital filter). pmadl/pmadr bits settings do not affect the digital microphone power management. the dclke bit controls on/off of the output clock from the dmclk pin. when the AK4953A is powered down (pdn pin= ?l?), the dmclk and dmdat pins are floating state. pull-down resistors must be connected to th e dmclk and dmdat pins externally to avoid this floating state. amp ? modulator dmdat dmclk ( 64fs ) decimation filter pll mcki alc sdto programmable filter vdd AK4953A avdd 100k r amp ? modulator vdd lch rch hpf1 figure 26. connection example of stereo digital mic amp ? modulator dmdat dmclk ( 64fs ) decimation filter pll mcki alc sdto programmable filter vdd AK4953A 100k r hpf1 avdd figure 27. connection example of mono digital mic
[AK4953A] ms1252-e-00 2010/10 - 37 - 2. interface the input data channel of the dmdat pin is set by dclkp bit. when dclkp bit = ?1, lch data is input to the decimation filter if dmclk = ?h?, and rch data is input if dmclk = ?l?. when dclkp bit = ?0?, rch data is input to the decimation filter if dmclk = ?h?, and lch data is input if dmclk = ?l?. the dmclk pin outputs ?l? when dclke bit = ?0?, and only supports 64fs. in this case, n ecessary clocks must be s upplied to the AK4953A for adc operation. the output data thr ough ?the decimation and digital filters? is 24b it full scale when the 1bit data density is 0%~100%. dclkp bit dmclk = ?h? dmclk = ?l? 0 rch lch (default) 1 lch rch table 24. data in/output timing with digital mic dmclk(64fs) dmdat (lch) valid data valid data valid data valid data dmdat (rch) valid data valid data valid data valid data figure 28. data in/output timing with digital mic (dclkp bit = ?1?) dmclk(64fs) dmdat (lch) valid data valid data valid data valid data dmdat (rch) valid data valid data valid data valid data figure 29. data in/output timing with digital mic (dclkp bit = ?0?)
[AK4953A] ms1252-e-00 2010/10 - 38 - digital block the digital block consists of the blocks shown in figure 30 . recording path and playback path is selected by setting adcpf bit, pfdac bit and pfsdo bit. ( figure 31 ~ figure 34 , table 25 ) dac 1st orde r hpf1 adc alc (volume) dvl/r smute sdti a dcpf bit ?1? ?0? 1st order hpf2 pfdac bit ? 1? ?0? s dto hpf bit hpfad bit pmpfil bit pmdac bit pmad l/r bi t or pmdml/r bit 1st orde r lpf lp f bit 4 band eq eq5-2 bit a lc1/2 bits 1 band eq eq1 bit pfsdo bit ?0? ?1? (1) adc: includes the digital filter (lpf) for adc as shown in ?filter chracteristics?. (2) hpf1: includes the digital filter (hpf) for adc as shown in ?filter chracteristics?. (3) dac: includes the digital filter (lpf) for dac as shown in ?filter chracteristics?. (4) hpf2: high pass filter. applicable for use as wind-noise reduction filter. (see ? digital programmable filter circuit?) (5) lpf: low pass filter (see ? digital programmable filter circuit ?) (6) 4 band eq: applicable for use as equalizer or notch filter. (see ? digital programmable filter circuit ?) (7) volume: input digital volume with alc function. (see ? input digital volume ? and ? alc operation?) (8) 1 band eq: applicable for use as equalizer or notch filter. (see ? digital programmable filter circuit ?) (9) dvl/r, smute: digital volume with soft mute function for playback path (see ? output digital volume2? ) figure 30. digital block path select
[AK4953A] ms1252-e-00 2010/10 - 39 - mode adcpf bit pfdac bit pfsdo bit figure recording mode 1 1 0 1 figure 31 playback mode 1 0 1 0 figure 32 recording mode 2 & playback mode 2 (programmable filter bypass mode: pmpfil bit = ?0?) x 0 0 figure 33 loopback mode 1 1 1 figure 34 table 25. recording playback mode (x: don?t care) lpf bit, hpf bit, eq0 bit, eq1 bit, eq2 bit, eq3 bit, eq 4 bit, eq5 bit, acl1 bit and alc2 bit must be ?0? when changing those modes. dac 1st orde r hpf2 adc 4 band eq alc (volume) dvl/r smute 1st orde r lpf 1 band eq 1st order hpf1 figure 31. path at recording mode 1 (default) dac 1st order hpf1 adc 4band eq alc (volume) dvl/r smute 1st order lpf 1st orde r hpf2 1 band eq figure 32. path at playback mode 1 dac adc dvl/r smute 1st order hpf1 figure 33. path at recording mode 2 & playback mode 2 1 band eq dac 1st orde r hpf2 adc 4band eq alc (volume) dvl/r smute 1st order lpf 1st order hpf1 figure 34. path at loopback mode digital hpf1 a digital high pass filter (hpf) is integrated for dc offset cancellation of the adc input. the cut-off frequencies of the hpf1 are set by hpfc1-0 bits ( table 26 ). it is proportional to the sampling fre quency (fs) and default is 3.4hz (@fs = 44.1khz). hpfad bit controls the on/off of the hpf1 (hpf on is recommended). fc hpfc1 bit hpfc0 bit fs=96khz fs=44.1khz fs=22.05khz fs=8khz 0 0 7.4hz 3.4hz 1.7hz 0.62hz (default) 0 1 29.6hz 13.6hz 6.8hz 2.47hz 1 0 236.8hz 108.8hz 54.4hz 19.7hz 1 1 473.6hz 217.6hz 108.8hz 39.5hz table 26. hpf1 cut-off frequency
[AK4953A] ms1252-e-00 2010/10 - 40 - digital programmable filter circuit (1) high pass filter (hpf2) normally, this hpf is used for wind-noise reduction. this is composed 1st order hpf. the coefficient of hpf is set by f1a13-0 bits and f1b13-0 bits. hpf bit controls on/off of the hpf2. when the hpf2 is off, the audio data passes this block by 0db gain. the coefficient must be set when hpf bit = ?0? or pmpfil bit = ?0 ?. the hpf2 starts operation 4/fs(max) after when hpf bit=pmpfil bit= ?1? is set. fs: sampling frequency fc: cut-off frequency register setting ( note 43 ) hpf: f1a[13:0] bits =a, f1b[13:0] bits =b (msb=f1a13, f1b13; lsb=f1a0, f1b0) a = 1 / tan ( fc/fs) 1 + 1 / tan ( fc/fs) b = 1 ? 1 / tan ( fc/fs) 1 + 1 / tan ( fc/fs) , transfer function h(z) = a 1 ? z ? 1 1 + bz ? 1 the cut-off frequency must be set as below. fc/fs ? 0.0001 (fc min = 4.41hz at 44.1khz) (2) low pass filter (lpf) this is composed with 1st order lpf. f2a13-0 bits and f2b 13-0 bits set the coefficient of lpf. lpf bit controls on/off of the lpf. when the lpf is off, the audio data passes this block by 0db gain. the coefficient must be set when lpf bit = ?0? or pmpfil bit = ?0?. the lpf starts operation 4/fs (max) after when lpf bit =pmpfil bit= ?1? is set. fs: sampling frequency fc: cut-off frequency register setting ( note 43 ) lpf: f2a[13:0] bits =a, f2b[13:0] bits =b (msb=f2a13, f2b13; lsb=f2a0, f2b0) a = 1 1 + 1 / tan ( fc/fs) b = 1 ? 1 / tan ( fc/fs) 1 + 1 / tan ( fc/fs) , transfer function h(z) = a 1 + z ? 1 1 + bz ? 1 the cut-off frequency must be set as below. fc/fs ? 0.05 (fc min = 2205hz at 44.1khz)
[AK4953A] ms1252-e-00 2010/10 - 41 - (3) 4-band equalizer & 1-band equalizer after alc this block can be used as equalizer or notch filter. 4-band equalizer (eq2, eq3, eq4 and eq5) is switched on/off independently by eq2, eq3, eq4 and eq5 bits. the equalizer after alc (eq1) is controlled by eq1 bit. when equalizer is off, the audio data passes this block by 0db gain. e1a 15-0, e1b15-0 and e1c15-0 bits set the coefficient of eq1. e2a15-0, e2b15-0 and e2c15-0 bits set the coefficient of eq2. e3a15-0, e3b15-0 and e3c15-0 bits set the coefficient of eq3. e4a15-0, e4b15-0 and e4c15-0 bits set the coefficient of eq4. e5a15-0, e5b15-0 and e5c15-0 bits set the coefficient of eq5. the eqx (x=1 5) coefficient must be set when eqx b it = ?0? or pmpfil bit = ?0?. eq1-5 start operation 4/fs(max) after when eqx (x=1~5) = pmpfil bit = ?1?is set. fs: sampling frequency fo 1 ~ fo 5 : center frequency fb 1 ~ fb 5 : band width where the gain is 3db different from center frequency k 1 ~ k 5 : gain ( ? 1 k n 3) register setting ( note 43 ) eq1: e1a[15:0] bits =a 1 , e1b[15:0] bits =b 1 , e1c[15:0] bits =c 1 eq2: e2a[15:0] bits =a 2 , e2b[15:0] bits =b 2 , e2c[15:0] bits =c 2 eq3: e3a[15:0] bits =a 3 , e3b[15:0] bits =b 3 , e3c[15:0] bits =c 3 eq4: e4a[15:0] bits =a 4 , e4b[15:0] bits =b 4 , e4c[15:0] bits =c 4 eq5: e5a[15:0] bits =a 5 , e5b[15:0] bits =b 5 , e5c[15:0] bits =c 5 (msb=e1a15, e1b15, e1c15, e2a15, e2b15, e2c15, e3a15, e3b15, e3c15, e4a15, e4b15, e4c15, e5a15, e5b15, e5c15 ; lsb= e1a0, e1b0, e1c0, e2a0, e2b0, e2c0, e3a0, e3b0, e3c0, e4a0, e4b0, e4c0, e5a0, e5b0, e5c0) a n = k n x tan ( fb n /fs) 1 + tan ( fb n /fs) b n = cos(2 fo n /fs) x 2 1 + tan ( fb n /fs) , c n = 1 ? tan ( fb n /fs) 1 + tan ( fb n /fs) , (n = 1, 2, 3, 4, 5) transfer function h n (z) = a n 1 ? z ? 2 1 ? b n z ? 1 ? c n z ? 2 h(z) = {1 + h 2 (z) + h 3 (z) + h 4 (z) + h 5 (z) } x h 1 (z) (n = 1, 2, 3, 4, 5) the center frequency must be set as below. fo n / fs < 0.497 when gain of k is set to ?-1?, this equalizer becomes a notch filter. when eq2 eq5 is used as a notch filter, central frequency of a real notch filter deviates from the above-mentioned calculation, if its central frequency of each band is near. the control soft that is att ached to the evaluation board has functions that revises a gap of frequency and calculates the coefficient. when its central frequency of each band is n ear, the central frequency should be revised and confirm the frequency response. note 43. [translation the filter coefficient calculated by th e equations above from real num ber to binary code (2?s complement)] x = (real number of filter coefficient calculated by the equations above) x 2 13 x must be rounded to integer, and then should be translated to binary code (2?s complement). msb of each filter coefficient se tting register is sine bit.
[AK4953A] ms1252-e-00 2010/10 - 42 - alc operation the alc (automatic level control) is operated by alc bl ock when alc bit is ?1?. when adcpf bit is ?1?, alc circuit operates at recording path. when adcpf bit is ?0?, alc circuit operates at playback path. alc1 bit controls on/off of alc operation at recording path, and alc2 bit c ontrols of on/off of alc operation at playback path. note 44. in this section, vol means ivl and ivr for recording path, ovl and ovr for playback path. note 45. in this section, alc bit means alc1 bit for recording path, alc2 bit for playback path. note 46. in this section, ref means iref for recording path, oref for playback path. 1. alc limiter operation during alc limiter operation, when either l or r channe l output level exceeds the alc limiter detection level ( table 27 ), the vol value (same value for both l and r) is attenuated automatically by the amount defined by the alc limiter att step ( table 28 ). the vol is then set to the same value for both channels. when zelmn bit = ?0? (zero cross detec tion is enabled), the vol value is ch anged by alc limiter operation at the individual zero crossing points of l channel and r channel, or at the zero crossing timeout. ztm1-0 bits set the zero crossing timeout period of both al c limiter and recovery operation ( table 29 ). when alc output level exceeds full-scale at lfst bit = ?1?, vol values are immediatel y (period: 1/fs) changed in 1step(l/r common). when alc output level is less than full-scale, vol values are changed at the individual zero crossing point of each channels or at the zero crossing timeout. when zelmn bit = ?1? (zero cross detection is disabled), vol value is immediately (per iod: 1/fs) changed by alc limiter operation. attenuation step is fixed to 1 step regardless of the setting of lmat1-0 bits. after completing the attenuate operation, unless alc bit is ch anged to ?0?, the operation repeats when the input signal level exceeds alc limiter detection level. lmth1 bit lmth0 bit alc limiter detection level alc recovery waiting counter reset level 0 0 alc output ? 2.5dbfs ? 2.5dbfs > alc output ? 4.1dbfs (default) 0 1 alc output ? 4.1dbfs ? 4.1dbfs > alc output ? 6.0dbfs 1 0 alc output ? 6.0dbfs ? 6.0dbfs > alc output ? 8.5dbfs 1 1 alc output ? 8.5dbfs ? 8.5dbfs > alc output ? 12dbfs table 27. alc limiter detection leve l / recovery counter reset level alc limiter att step lmat1 bit lmat0 bit alc output lmth alc output fs alc output fs + 6db alc output fs + 12db 0 0 1 1 1 1 (default) 0 1 2 2 2 2 1 0 2 4 4 8 1 1 1 2 4 8 table 28. alc limiter att step
[AK4953A] ms1252-e-00 2010/10 - 43 - zero crossing timeout period ztm1 bit ztm0 bit 8khz 16khz 44.1khz 96khz 0 0 128/fs 16ms 8ms 2.9ms 1.3ms (default) 0 1 256/fs 32ms 16ms 5.8ms 2.7ms 1 0 512/fs 64ms 32ms 11.6ms 5.3ms 1 1 1024/fs 128ms 64ms 23.2ms 10.7ms table 29. alc zero crossing timeout period 2. alc recovery operation alc recovery operation wait for the wtm2-0 bits ( table 30 ) to be set after completing alc limiter operation. if the input signal does not exceed ?alc rec overy waiting counter reset level? ( table 27 ) during the wait time, alc recovery operation is executed. the vol value is automatically incremented by rgain1-0 bits ( table 31 ) up to the set reference level ( table 32 ) with zero crossing detection which timeout period is set by ztm1-0 bits ( table 29 ). the alc recovery operation is executed in a period set by wtm2-0 bits. if the setting of ztm1-0 is longer than wtm2-0 and no zero crossing occurs, the alc recovery operation is executed at a period set by ztm1-0 bits. for example, when the current vol value is 30h and rgain1-0 bits are set to ?01?, vol is changed to 32h by auto limiter operation and then the input signal level is gained by 0.75db (=0.375db x 2). when the vol value exceeds the reference level (ref7-0), the vol values are not increased. when ?alc recovery waiting counter reset level (lmth1-0) output signal < alc limiter detection level (lmth1-0)? during the alc recovery operation, the waiting timer of alc recovery operation is reset. when ?alc recovery waiting counter reset level (lmth1-0) > output signal?, the waiting timer of alc recovery operation starts. alc operations correspond to the impulse noise. when the im pulse noise is input, the alc recovery operation becomes faster than a normal recovery operation. when large noise is input to a micr ophone instantaneously, the quality of small level in the large noise can be improved by this fast recove ry operation. the speed of first recovery operation is set by rfst1-0 bits ( table 34 ). alc recovery operation waiting period wtm2 bit wtm1 bit wtm0 bit 8khz 16khz 44.1khz 96khz 0 0 0 128/fs 16ms 8ms 2.9ms 1.3ms (default) 0 0 1 256/fs 32ms 16ms 5.8ms 2.7ms 0 1 0 512/fs 64ms 32ms 11.6ms 5.3ms 0 1 1 1024/fs 128ms 64ms 23.2ms 10.7ms 1 0 0 2048/fs 256ms 128ms 46.4ms 21.3ms 1 0 1 4096/fs 512ms 256ms 92.9ms 42.7ms 1 1 0 8192/fs 1024ms 512ms 185.8ms 85.3ms 1 1 1 16384/fs 2048ms 1024ms 371.5ms 170.7ms table 30. alc recovery operation waiting period rgain1 bit rgain0 bit gain step 0 0 1 step 0.375db (default) 0 1 2 step 0.750db 1 0 3 step 1.125db 1 1 4 step 1.500db table 31. alc recovery gain step
[AK4953A] ms1252-e-00 2010/10 - 44 - iref7-0bits gain (0db) step f1h +36.0 f0h +35.625 efh +35.25 : : e1h +30.0 (default) : : 92h +0.375 91h 0.0 90h -0.375 : : 0.375db 2h -53.625 1h -54.0 0h mute table 32. reference level at alc recovery operation for recoding oref5-0bits gain (0db) step 3ch +36.0 3bh +34.5 3ah +33.0 : : 28h +6.0 (default) : : 25h +1.5 24h 0.0 23h -1.5 : : 1.5db 2h -51.0 1h -52.5 0h -54.0 table 33. reference level at alc recovery operati on for playback rfst1 bit rfst0 bit recovery speed 0 0 quad speed (default) 0 1 8times 1 0 16times 1 1 n/a table 34. first recovery speed setting (n/a: not available)
[AK4953A] ms1252-e-00 2010/10 - 45 - 3. the volume at alc operation the volume value during alc operation is reflected in vol7-0 bits. it is enable to check the current volume value by reading the register value of vol7-0 bits. vol7-0bits gain (0db) f1h +36.0 f0h +35.625 efh +35.25 : : c5h +19.5 : : 92h +0.375 91h 0.0 90h -0.375 : : 2h -53.625 1h -54.0 0h mute table 35. value of vol7-0 bits 4. example of alc setting table 36 and table 37 show the examples of the alc setting for recording and playback path. fs=8khz fs=44.1khz register name comment data operation data operation lmth1-0 limiter detection level 01 ? 4.1dbfs 01 ? 4.1dbfs zelmn limiter zero crossing det ection 0 enable 0 enable ztm1-0 zero crossing timeout period 01 32ms 11 23.2ms wtm2-0 recovery waiting period *wtm2-0 bits must be the same value or larger value than ztm1-0 bits 001 32ms 100 46.4ms iref7-0 maximum gain at recovery operation e1h +30db e1h +30db ivl7-0, ivr7-0 gain of ivol e1h +30db e1h +30db lmat1-0 limiter att step 00 1 step 00 1 step lfst fast limiter operation 1 on 1 on rgain1-0 recovery gain step 00 1 step 00 1 step rfst1-0 fast recovery speed 00 4 times 00 4 times alc1 alc enable 1 enable 1 enable table 36. example of the alc setting (recording)
[AK4953A] ms1252-e-00 2010/10 - 46 - fs=8khz fs=44.1khz register name comment data operation data operation lmth1-0 limiter detection level 01 ? 4.1dbfs 01 ? 4.1dbfs zelmn limiter zero crossing det ection 0 enable 0 enable ztm1-0 zero crossing timeout period 01 32ms 11 23.2ms wtm2-0 recovery waiting period *wtm2-0 bits must be the same value or larger value than ztm1-0 bits 001 32ms 100 46.4ms oref5-0 maximum gain at recove ry operation 28h +6db 28h +6db ovl7-0, ovr7-0 gain of vol 91h 0db 91h 0db lmat1-0 limiter att step 00 1 step 00 1 step lfst fast limiter operation 1 on 1 on rgain1-0 recovery gain step 00 1 step 00 1 step rfst1-0 fast recovery speed 00 4 times 00 4 times alc2 alc enable 1 enable 1 enable table 37. example of the alc setting (playback) 5. example of registers set-up sequence of alc operation the following registers must not be changed during alc opera tion. these bits must be changed after alc operation is finished by alc1 bit=alc2 bit = ?0?. all alc outputs are ?0? until manual mode starts when alc1 bit =alc2 bit = ?0?. lmth1-0, lmat1-0, ztm1-0, wtm2-0, rgain 1- 0, iref7-0, zelmn, rfst1-0, lfst bits manual mode * the value of ivol should be the same or smaller than ref?s wr (ztm1-0, wtm2-0, rfst1-0) wr (iref7-0) wr (ivl/r7-0) wr (lfst, zelmn, lmat1-0, lmth1-0; alc1= ?1?) example: limiter = zero crossing enable recovery cycle = 32ms@8khz limiter and recovery step = 1 maximum gain = +30.0db limiter detection level = ? 4.1dbfs alc1 bit = ?1? (1) addr=0ah, data=24h (2) addr=0ch, data=e1h (5) addr=0bh, data=a1h (3) addr=0fh&10h, data=e1h alc operation wr (rgain1-0) (4) addr=0dh, data=28h [note] wr: write figure 35. registers set-up sequence at alc1 operation (recording path)
[AK4953A] ms1252-e-00 2010/10 - 47 - input digital volume (manual mode) the input digital volume becomes manual mode at alc1 bit = ?0? when adcpf bit =?1?. this mode is used in the case shown below. 1. after exiting reset state, when setting up the registers for alc operation (ztm1-0, lmth and etc.) 2. when the registers for alc operation (limiter pe riod, recovery period and etc.) are changed. for example; when the sampling frequency is changed. 3. when ivol is used as a manual volume control. ivl7-0 and ivr7-0 bits set the gain of the volume control ( table 38 ). the ivol value is changed at zero crossing or timeout. the zero crossing timeout period is set by ztm1-0 bits . lch and rch volumes are set individually by ivl7-0 and ivr7-0 bits when ivolc bit = ?0?. ivl7-0 bits control both lch and rch volumes together when ivolc bit = ?1?. when changing the volume, zero cross detection is executed on both lch and rch independently. ivl7-0 bits ivr7-0 bits gain (db) step f1h +36.0 f0h +35.625 efh +35.25 : : e2h +30.375 e1h +30.0 (default) e0h +29.625 : : 03h ? 53.25 02h ? 53.625 01h ? 54 0.375db 00h mute table 38. input digital volume setting if ivl7-0 or ivr7-0 bits are written during pmpfil bit = ?0 ?, ivol operation starts with the written values after pmpfil bit is changed to ?1?. when writing to ivol7-0 bits continually, take an interval of zero crossing timeout period or more. if not, the zero crossing counters are reset at each time and the volume will not be changed. however, when writing the same register values as the previous time, the zero cro ssing counters will not be reset, so that it could be written in an interval less than zero crossing timeout.
[AK4953A] ms1252-e-00 2010/10 - 48 - de-emphasis filter the AK4953A includes a digital de-emphasis filter (tc = 50/15 s) which corresponds three kinds frequency (32khz, 44.1khz, 48khz) by iir filter. setting the dem1 -0 bits enables the de-emphasis filter ( table 39 ). dem1 dem0 mode 0 0 44.1khz 0 1 off (default) 1 0 48khz 1 1 32khz table 39. de-emphasis control output digital volume (manual mode) the alc block becomes output digital volume (manual mode) by setting alc2 bit to ?0? when pmpfil = pmdac bits = ?1? and adcpf bit is ?0?. the output digital volume gain is set by the ovl7-0 bit and the ovr7-0 bit ( table 40 ). when the ovolc bit = ?1?, the ovl7-0 b its control both l and r channel volume levels. when the ovolc bit = ?0?, the ovl7-0 bits control l channel volume level and the ovr7- 0 bits control r channel volume level. when changing the volumes, zero cross detection is execute d on both l and r channels independently . the ovol value is changed at zero crossing or timeout. the zero crossing timeout period is set by ztm1-0 bits. ovl7-0 bits ovr7-0 bits gain (0db) step f1h +36.0 f0h +35.625 efh +35.25 : : 92h +0.375 91h 0.0 (default) 90h -0.375 : : 0.375db 2h -53.625 1h -54.0 0h mute table 40. output digital volume setting when writing to the ovl7-0 bits and ovr7-0 bit continuously, th e control register should be written in an interval more than zero crossing timeout. if not, the zero crossing counters ar e reset at each time and the volume will not be changed. however, when writing the same register va lues as the previous time, the zero crossi ng counter will not be reset, so that it could be written in an interval less than zero crossing timeout.
[AK4953A] ms1252-e-00 2010/10 - 49 - output digital volume 2 the AK4953A has a digital output volume (256 levels, 0.5db step, mute). the volume can be set by the dvl7-0 and dvr7-0 bits. the volume is included in front of a dac block. the input data of dac is changed from +12 to ?115db or mute. when the dvolc bit = ?1?, the dvl7-0 bits contro l both lch and rch attenuation levels. when the dvolc bit = ?0?, the dvl7-0 bits control lch level and dvr7-0 bits c ontrol rch level. this volume has soft transition function. therefore no switching noise occurs during the transition. th e dvtm1-0 bits set the transition time between set values of dvl/r7-0 bits (from 00h to ffh) as either 256/fs, 1024/fs or 2048/fs ( table 42 ). when dvtm1-0 bits = ?01?, a soft transition between the set values occurs (1024 levels). it takes 1024/fs (=23ms@fs=44.1khz) from 00h (+12db) to ffh (mute). dvl7-0 bits dvr7-0 bits gain step 00h +12.0db 01h +11.5db 02h +11.0db : : 18h 0db (default) : fdh -114.5db feh -115.0db 0.5db ffh mute (- ) table 41. output digital volume2 setting transition time between dvl/r7-0 bits = 00h and ffh dvtm1 bit dvtm0 bit setting fs=8khz fs=44.1khz fs=96khz 0 0 256/fs 32ms 5.8ms 2.7ms 0 1 1024/fs 128ms 23ms 11ms (default) 1 0 2048/fs 256ms 46ms 21ms 1 1 n/a table 42. transition time setting of output digital volume2 (n/a: not available)
[AK4953A] ms1252-e-00 2010/10 - 50 - soft mute soft mute operation is performed in the digital domain. when the smute bit is set ?1?, the output signal is attenuated by - (?0?) during the cycle set by dvtm1-0 bits. when the smute bit is returned to ?0?, the mute is cancelled and the output attenuation gradually changes to the value set by dvl/r7-0 bits from - during the cycle set by dvtm1-0 bits. if the soft mute is cancelled within the cycle set by dvtm1-0 bits after starting the operation, the attenuation is discontinued and returned to the level set by dvl/r7-0 bits . the soft mute is effective for changing the signal source without stopping the signal transaction ( figure 36 ) smute bit attenuation dvl/r7-0 bits - gd gd (1) (2 ) (3) analog output (1) dvtm1-0 bits dvtm1-0 bits figure 36. soft mute function (1) the input signal is attenuated by ? (?0?) during the cycle set by dvtm1-0 bits. (2) analog output corresponding to digital input has group delay (gd). (3) if soft mute is cancelled within the cycle set by dvtm1-0 bits after starting the operation, the attenuation is discounted and returned to the value set by dvl/r7-0 bits within the same cycle.
[AK4953A] ms1252-e-00 2010/10 - 51 - beep signal generating circuit the AK4953A integrates a bepp signal generating circuit. wh en pmspk bit = ?1?, the speaker amplifier outputs beep signal by setting pmbp bit = ?1?, and the headphone amplif ier outputs beep signal by se tting pmbp bit = ?1? when pmhpl bit or pmhpr bit = ?1?. when pmdac bit = ?1? and pmhpl bit or pmhpr bit = ?1?, switching noise of connection between the beep generating circuit and headphone amplifier can be suppressed by soft transition. the transition time of on/off switching is set by pts1-0 bits. soft transition enable/disable is controlled by moff bit. when this bit is ?1?, soft transition is disabled and the headphone is switched on/off immediately. on/off time pts1 bit pts0 bit 7.35khz fs 24khz 24khz < fs 48khz 48khz < fs 96khz 0 0 64/fs 5.3 ~ 8.7ms 128/fs 2.7 ~ 5.3ms 256/fs 2.7 ~ 5.3ms 0 1 128/fs 10.7 ~ 17.4ms 256/fs 5.3 ~ 10.7ms 512/fs 5.3 ~ 10.7ms (default) 1 0 256/fs 21.3 ~ 34.8ms 512/fs 10.7 ~ 21.3ms 1024/fs 10.7 ~ 21.3ms 1 1 512/fs 42.7 ~ 69.7ms 1024/fs 21.3 ~ 42.7ms 2048/fs 21.3 ~ 42.7ms table 43. beep (headphone-amp ) on/off transition time after outputting the signal during the time set by bpon7-0 bits, the AK4953A stops the output signal during the time set by bpoff7-0 bits ( figure 37 ). the repeat count is set by bptm6-0 bit, and the output level is set by bplvl4-0 bits. when bpcnt bit is ?0?, if bpout bit is written ?1?, the AK4953A outputs the beep for the times of repeat count. when the output is finished, bpout bit is set to ?0? automatically. when bpcnt bit is set to ?1?, it outputs beep signals incessantly regardless of repeat count, on-time nor o ff-time. the output frequency is set by bpfr1-0 bits. < setting parameter > 1) output frequency ( table 44 , table 45 ) 2) on time ( table 46 , table 47 ) 3) off time ( table 48 , table 49 ) 4) repeat count ( table 50 ) 5) output level ( table 51 ) * bpfr1-0, bpon7-0, bpoff7-0, bptm6-0 and bplvl4-0 bits should be set when bpout =bpcnt = ?0?. * bpcnt bit is given priority in bpout bit. when bpout bit is set to ?1?, if bpcnt bit is set to ?0?, bpout bit is set to ?0? forcibly. * when stopping the beep outputs by changing bpcnt bit to ?0? from ?1?, writing to bpout and bpcnt bits are inhibited for 10ms. when beep is output by setting bpcnt bit = ?1?, writing to bpout and bpcnt bits are inhibited for 10ms after bpout bit is changed to ?0? or beep signal outputs are finished (on/off time and th e number of times set by repeated time). beep output on time off time repeat count figure 37. beep signal output
[AK4953A] ms1252-e-00 2010/10 - 52 - output frequency of beep generator [hz] bpfr1-0 bits fs = 48khz system ( note 47 ) fs = 44.1khz system ( note 48 ) 00 4000 4009 (default) 01 2000 2005 10 1297 1297 11 800 802 note 47. sampling frequency is 8khz, 16khz, 32khz, 48khz, 64khz or 96khz. note 48. sampling frequency is 11.025khz, 22.05khz, 44.1khz or 88.2khz. table 44. beep signal frequency (pll master/slave mode; mcki referenced) output frequency of beep generator [hz] bpfr1-0 bits fs1-0 bits = ?00? fs1-0 bits = ?01? fs1-0 bits = ?10? fs1-0 bits = ?11? 00 fs/2.75 fs/5.5 fs/11 fs/22 (default) 01 fs/5.5 fs/11 fs/22 fs/44 10 fs/8.5 fs/17 fs/34 fs/68 11 fs/13.75 fs/27.5 fs/55 fs/110 table 45. beep signal frequency (bick referen ced pll slave mode, ext master/slave mode) on time of beep generator [msec] step[msec] bpon7-0 bits fs=48khz system ( note 47 ) fs=44.1khz system ( note 48 ) fs=48khz system ( note 47 ) fs=44.1khz system ( note 48 ) 0h 8.0 7.98 8.0 7.98 (default) 1h 16.0 15.96 2h 24.0 23.95 3h 32.0 31.93 : : : fdh 2032 2027.3 feh 2040 2035.3 ffh 2048 2043.4 note 47. sampling frequency is 8khz, 16khz, 32khz, 48khz, 64khz or 96khz note 48. sampling frequency is 11.025khz, 22.05khz, 44.1khz or 88.2khz table 46. beep output on-time (pll master/slave mode; mcki referenced) on time of beep generator [msec] step[msec] bpon7-0 bits fs=48khz system ( note 47 ) fs=44.1khz system ( note 48 ) fs=48khz system ( note 47 ) fs=44.1khz system ( note 48 ) 0h 7.33 7.98 7.33 7.98 (default) 1h 14.67 15.96 2h 22.00 23.95 3h 29.33 31.93 : : : fdh 1862.6 2027.3 feh 1970.0 2035.3 ffh 1877.3 2043.4 note 47. sampling frequency is 8khz, 16khz, 32khz, 48khz, 64khz or 96khz note 48. sampling frequency is 11.025khz, 22.05khz, 44.1khz or 88.2khz table 47. beep output on-time (bick referenced pll slave mode, ext master/slave mode)
[AK4953A] ms1252-e-00 2010/10 - 53 - off time of beep generator [msec] step[msec] bpoff7-0 bits fs=48khz system ( note 47 ) fs=44.1khz system ( note 48 ) fs=48khz system ( note 47 ) fs =44.1khz system ( note 48 ) 0h 8.0 7.98 8.0 7.98 (default) 1h 16.0 15.96 2h 24.0 23.95 3h 32.0 31.93 : : : fdh 2032 2027.3 feh 2040 2035.3 ffh 2048 2043.4 note 47. sampling frequency is 8khz, 16khz, 32khz, 48khz, 64khz or 96khz note 48. sampling frequency is 11.025khz, 22.05khz, 44.1khz or 88.2khz table 48. beep output off-time (pll master/slave mode; mcki referenced) off time of beep generator [msec] step[msec] bpoff7-0 bits fs=48khz system ( note 47 ) fs=44.1khz system ( note 48 ) fs=48khz system ( note 47 ) fs=44.1khz system ( note 48 ) 0h 7.33 7.98 7.33 7.98 (default) 1h 14.67 15.96 2h 22.00 23.95 3h 29.33 31.93 : : : fdh 1862.6 2027.3 feh 1970.0 2035.3 ffh 1877.3 2043.4 note 47. sampling frequency is 8khz, 16khz, 32khz, 48khz, 64khz or 96khz note 48. sampling frequency is 11.025khz, 22.05khz, 44.1khz or 88.2khz table 49. beep output off-time (bick referenced pll slave mode, ext master/slave mode) bptm6-0 bits repeat count 0h 1 (default) 1h 2 2h 3 : : 7dh 126 7eh 127 7fh 128 table 50. beep output repeat count bplvl4-0 bits beep output level step 0h 0db (default) 1h ? 3db 2h ? 6db : : 12h ? 54db 13h ? 57db 14h ? 60db 3db note 49. beep output amplitude in 0db setting is 1.5vpp from the headphone amplifier, and 2.8vpp @8 ? (spkg1-0 bits = ?00?) from the speaker amplifier. table 51. beep output level
[AK4953A] ms1252-e-00 2010/10 - 54 - charge pump circuit the internal charge pump circuit gene rates negative voltage (pvee) from avdd vo ltage. the pvee voltage is used for the headphone amplifier and the speaker amplifier in low volta ge mode (lsv bit = ?1?). the charge pump circuit starts operation when pmhpl or pmhpr bit = ?1?, or when lsv bit = pmspk bit = ?1?. pmvcm bit must be set ?1? to power up the charge pump circuit. the power up time of the charge pump circuit is 11ms (max ). the headphone amplifier a nd speaker amplifier will be powered up after the charge pump circuit is powered up (whe n pmhpl or pmhpr bit = ?1?, or lsv bit = pmspk bit = ?1?). the operating frequency of the charge pump circuit is depe ndent on the sampling frequency. the operation mode of the headphone amplifier can be changed by the cpck bit. ( table 52 ) cpck bit mode power consumption (dac headphone out) s/(n+d) (0dbfs) 0 low power mode 10.2mw 72db 1 high performance mode 12.1mw 80db table 52. operation mode of the charge pump (pmhpl or pmhpr bit = ?1?)
[AK4953A] ms1252-e-00 2010/10 - 55 - headphone amplifier (hpl/hpr pins) the positive voltage of the headphone amplifier uses th e power supply to the dvdd pin, therefore 150ma of the maximum power supply capacity is needed. the internal ch arge pump circuit generates negative voltage (pvee) from avdd voltage. the headphone amplifier output is single-ended and centered around on vss (0v). therefore, the capacitor for ac-coupling can be removed. the minimum load resistance is 16 . when hpm bit = ?1?, the dac output signal is output to hpl and hpr pins as (l+r)/2 mono signal. an oscillation prevention circuit (0.22 f20% capacitor and 100 ? 20% resistor) should be put because it has the possibility that headphone-amp os cillates in type of headphone. hp-amp dac AK4953A 16 ? headphone 0.22 100 ? figure 38. external circuit of headphone when hpz bit = ?0? and pmhpl, pmhpr bits = ?1?, headphone outputs are in normal operation. when pmhpl and pmhpr bits = ?0?, the headphone-amps are powered-down completely. at that time, the hpl and hpr pins go to vss voltage via the internal pulled-down resistor. the pulled-down resistor is 10 (typ). the hpl and hpr pins become hi-z state by setting hpz b it to ?1? when pmhpl and pmhpr bit = ?0?. the power-up time of the headphone-amps is 35ms (max.), and power-down is executed immediately. pmvcm bit pmhpl/r bits hpz bit mode hpl/r pins x 0 0 power-down & mute pull-down by 10 (typ) (default) x 0 1 power-down hi-z 1 1 0 normal operation normal operation 1 1 1 n/a n/a table 53. headphone output status (x: don?t? care, n/a: not available)
[AK4953A] ms1252-e-00 2010/10 - 56 - speaker output the dac output signal is input to the speaker amplifier as [(l+r)/2]. the speaker amplifier is mono and btl output. the gain is set by spkg1-0 bits. output level depends on s vdd voltage and spkg1-0 bits. the AK4953A has a low voltage mode (lsv bit = ?1?) which the speaker amplifier can be operated by svdd= 0.9v ~ 2.0v. in low voltage mode, the negative power which is generated by the charge pump ci rcuit using the voltage from the avdd pin is used. this negative power is not used in normal voltage mode (lsv bit = ?0?, svdd=1.8v~5.5v). in low voltage mode, spkg1-0 bits must be set to ?00? and the dac out put level should be set to lower level by setting digital volume so that the speaker amplifier outputs is suppressed to lower level and output signal is not clipped. gain spkg1-0 bits alc2 bit = ?0? alc2 bit = ?1? 00 5.3 db 7.3 db (default) 01 7.3 db 9.3 db 10 9.3 db 11.3 db 11 11.3 db 13.3 db table 54. spk-amp gain spk-amp output (dac input=0dbfs, svdd=3.3v) spkg1-0 bits alc2 bit = ?0? alc2 bit = ?1? (lmth1-0 bits = ?00?) 00 3.37vpp 3.17vpp 01 4.23vpp ( note 50 ) 4.00vpp 10 5.33vpp ( note 50 ) 5.04vpp ( note 50 ) 11 6.71vpp ( note 50 ) 6.33vpp ( note 50 ) note 50. the output level is calculated by assuming that output signal is not clipped. in the actual case, the output signal may be clipped when dac outputs 0dbfs signal. the dac output level should be set to lower level by setting digital volume so that the speaker amplifier output level is 4.0vpp or less and output signal is not clipped. table 55. spk-amp output level
[AK4953A] ms1252-e-00 2010/10 - 57 - < speaker-amp control sequence > the speaker amplifier is powered-up/down by pmspk bit. when pmspk bit is ?0 ?, both spp and spn pins are in hi-z state. when pmspk bit is ?1? and sppsn b it is ?0?, the speaker amp lifier enters power-save mode. in this mode, the spp pin is placed in hi-z state and the spn pin outputs svdd/2 voltage. when the pmspk bit is ?1? after the pdn pin is cha nged from ?l? to ?h?, the spp and spn pins rise up from power-save-mode. in this mode, the spp pin is placed in a hi-z state and the spn pin goe s to svdd/2 voltage. because the spp and spn pins rise up at power-save-mode, th is mode can reduce a pop noise. when the AK4953A is powered-down, pop noise can also be reduced by first entering power-save-mode. pmspk sppsn mode spp spn 0 x power-down hi-z hi-z (default) 0 power-save hi-z svdd/2 1 1 normal operation normal operation normal operation table 56 speaker-amp mode setting (x: don?t care) pmspk bit sppsn bit spp pin spn pin svdd/2 svdd/2 hi-z hi-z hi-z hi-z >1ms note 51. this time needs 15ms or more in low voltage mode (lsv bit= ?1?). figure 39. power-up/power-down timing for speaker-amp thermal shutdown function when the internal device temperature rise s up irregularly (e.g. output pins of speaker amplifier are shortened.), the charge pump, headphone amplifier and speaker amplifier ar e automatically powered down and then thdet bit becomes ?1?. when the internal temperature goes down and the thermal shutdown is released, the charge pump, speaker and headphone amplifiers are powered up automatically and thdet bit returns to ?0?. (note 51)
[AK4953A] ms1252-e-00 2010/10 - 58 - serial control interface (1) 3-wire serial control mode internal registers may be written by using the 3-wire p interface pins (c sn, cclk and cdtio). the data on this interface consists of read/write, register address (msb first, 7bits) and control or output data (msb first, 8bits). each bit is clocked in on the rising edge (? ?) of cclk. data writings become available on the rising edge of csn. when reading the data, the cdtio pin changes to output mode at the falling edge of 8 th cclk and outputs d7-d0. however this reading function is available only when read bit = ?1?. when read bit = ?0?, the cdtio pin stays as hi-z even after the falling edge of 8 th cclk. the output finishes on th e rising edge of csn. the cdti o is placed in a hi-z state except when outputting data at read operation mode. clock speed of cclk is 5mhz (max). the value of internal registers are initialized by the pdn pin = ?l?. note 52. data reading is only available on the following addresses; 00h~19h, 1ch~25h, 30h and 32h~4fh. when reading the address 1ah, 1bh, 26h~2fh, 31h and 50h~7fh the register values are invalid. csn cclk 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 cdtio a6 a5 a2 a3 a1 a0 a4 d7 d6 d5 d4 d3 d2 d1 d0 r/w r/w: read/write (?1?: write, ?0?: read) a6-a0: register address d7-d0: control data (input) at write command output data (output) at read command ?h? or ?l? ?h? or ?l? ?h? or ?l? ?h? or ?l? figure 40. serial control i/f timing
[AK4953A] ms1252-e-00 2010/10 - 59 - (2) i2c-bus control mode (i2c pin = ?h?) the AK4953A supports the fast-mode i 2 c-bus (max: 400khz). pull-up resistors at the sda and scl pins must be connected to (tvdd+0.3)v or less voltage. (2)-1. write operations figure 41 shows the data transfer sequence for the i 2 c-bus mode. all commands are pr eceded by a start condition. a high to low transition on the sda line while scl is high indicates a start condition ( figure 47 ). after the start condition, a slave address is sent. this address is 7 bits long followed by the eighth bit that is a data direction bit (r/w). the most significant six bits of the slave address are fixed as ?001001?. the next bit is cad0 (device address bit). this bit identifies the specific device on the bus. the hard-wired input pin (cad0 pin) sets these device address bits ( figure 42 ). if the slave address matches that of the AK4953A, the AK4953A generates an acknowledge and the operation is executed. the master must generate the acknow ledge-related clock pulse and release the sda line (high) during the acknowledge clock pulse ( figure 48 ). a r/w bit value of ?1? indicates that the read operation is to be executed, and ?0? indicates that the write operation is to be executed. the second byte consists of the control register address of the AK4953A. the format is msb first, and those most significant 1bit is fixed to zero ( figure 43 ). the data after the second byte contains control data. the format is msb first, 8bits ( figure 44 ). the AK4953A generates an acknowledge after each byte is received. data transfer is always terminated by a stop condition generated by the master. a low to high transition on the sda line while scl is high defines a stop condition ( figure 47 ). the AK4953A can perform more than one by te write operation per sequence. after receipt of the third byte the AK4953A generates an acknowledge and awaits the next data. the master can transmit more than one byte instead of terminating the write cycle after the first data byte is transferred. afte r receiving each data packet the internal address counter is incremented by one, and the next data is automatically taken into the next addr ess. if the address exceeds 4fh prior to generating a stop condition, the address counter will ?roll over? to 00h and th e previous data will be overwritten. the data on the sda line must remain stable during the high period of the clock. high or low state of the data line can only be changed when the clock signal on the scl line is low ( figure 49 ) except for the start and stop conditions. sda slave address s s t a r t r/w="0" a c k sub address(n) a c k data(n) a c k data(n+1) a c k a c k data(n+x) a c k p s t o p figure 41. data transfer sequence at i 2 c bus mode 0 0 1 0 0 1 cad0 r/w figure 42. the first byte 0 a6 a5 a4 a3 a2 a1 a0 figure 43. the second byte d7 d6 d5 d4 d3 d2 d1 d0 figure 44. the third byte
[AK4953A] ms1252-e-00 2010/10 - 60 - (2)-2. read operations set the r/w bit = ?1? for the read operation of the AK4953A. after transmission of data, the master can read the next address?s data by generating an acknowledge instead of terminating the write cy cle after the receipt of the first data word. after receiving each data packet the intern al address counter is incremented by one , and the next data is automatically taken into the next address. if the address exceeds 4fh prio r to generating stop condition, the address counter will ?roll over? to 00h and the data of 00h will be read out. note 52. data reading is only available on the following addresses; 00h~19h, 1ch~25h, 30h and 32h~4fh. when reading the address 1ah, 1bh, 26h~2fh, 31h and 50h~7fh the register values are invalid. the AK4953A supports two basic read operations : current address read and random address read. (2)-2-1. current address read the AK4953A has an internal address count er that maintains the address of the last accessed word incremented by one. therefore, if the last access (either a read or write) were to address ?n?, the next current read operation would access data from the address ?n+1?. afte r receipt of the slave address with r/w bit ?1?, the AK4953A generates an acknowledge, transmits 1-byte of data to the address set by the internal address counter and increments the internal address counter by 1. if the master does not generate an ac knowledge but generates a stop condition instead, the AK4953A ceases the transmission. sda slave address s s t a r t r/w="1" a c k a c k data(n+1) a c k data(n+2) a c k a c k data(n+x) n a c k p s t o p data(n) m a s t e r m a s t e r m a s t e r m a s t e r m a s t e r figure 45. current address read (2)-2-2. random address read the random read operation allows the master to access any memo ry location at random. prior to issuing the slave address with the r/w bit ?1?, the master must first perform a ?dummy? write operation. th e master issues a start request, a slave address (r/w bit = ?0?) and then the register address to read. after the register address is acknowledged, the master immediately reissues the start request and the slave addr ess with the r/w bit ?1?. the AK4953A then generates an acknowledge, 1 byte of data and increments the internal a ddress counter by 1. if the master does not generate an acknowledge but generates a st op condition instead, the AK4953A ceases the transmission. sda slave address s s t a r t r/w="0" a c k a c k a c k data(n) a c k data(n+x) a c k p s t o p sub address(n) s slave address r/w="1" s t a r t data(n+1) a c k n a c k m a s t e r m a s t e r m a s t e r m a s t e r figure 46. random address read
[AK4953A] ms1252-e-00 2010/10 - 61 - scl sda stop condition start condition s p figure 47. start condition and stop condition scl from master acknowledge data output by transmitter data output by receiver 1 9 8 start condition not acknowledge clock pulse for acknowledgement s 2 figure 48. acknowledge (i 2 c bus) scl sda data line stable; data valid change of data allowed figure 49. bit transfer (i 2 c bus)
[AK4953A] ms1252-e-00 2010/10 - 62 - register map addr register name d7 d6 d5 d4 d3 d2 d1 d0 00h power management 1 pmpfil pmvcm pmbp pmspk lsv pmdac pmadr pmadl 01h power management 2 0 0 pmhpl pmhpr m/s 0 mcko pmpll 02h signal select 1 sppsn 0 dacs mpsel pmmp mgain2 mgain1 mgain0 03h signal select 2 spkg1 spkg0 0 0 inr1 inl1 inr0 inl0 04h signal select 3 0 0 pts1 pts0 moff hpm 0 0 05h mode control 1 pll3 pll2 pll1 pll0 bcko hpz dif1 dif0 06h mode control 2 ps1 ps0 cpck ds fs3 fs2 fs1 fs0 07h mode control 3 read thdet s mute dvolc ovolc ivolc dem1 dem0 08h digital mic 0 0 pmdmr pmdml dclke 0 dclkp dmic 09h timer select adrst1 adrst 0 0 0 0 0 dvtm1 dvtm0 0ah alc timer select 0 ztm1 ztm0 wtm2 wtm1 wtm0 rfst1 rfst0 0bh alc mode control 1 lfst alc2 alc1 zelmn lmat1 lmat0 lmth1 lmth0 0ch alc mode control 2 iref7 iref6 iref5 iref4 iref3 iref2 iref1 iref0 0dh alc mode control 3 rgain1 rgai n0 oref5 oref4 oref3 oref2 oref1 oref0 0eh alc volume vol7 vol6 vol5 vol4 vol3 vol2 vol1 vol0 0fh lch input volume control ivl7 ivl6 ivl5 ivl4 ivl3 ivl2 ivl1 ivl0 10h rch input volume control ivr7 ivr6 ivr5 ivr4 ivr3 ivr2 ivr1 ivr0 11h lch output volume control ovl7 ovl6 ovl5 ovl4 ovl3 ovl2 ovl1 ovl0 12h rch output volume control ovr7 ovr6 ovr5 ovr4 ovr3 ovr2 ovr1 ovr0 13h lch digital volume control dvl7 dvl6 dvl5 dvl4 dvl3 dvl2 dvl1 dvl0 14h rch digital volume control dvr7 dvr6 dvr5 dvr4 dvr3 dvr2 dvr1 dvr0 15h beep frequency bpcnt 0 0 0 0 0 bpfr1 bpfr0 16h beep on time bpon7 bpon6 bpon5 bpon4 bpon3 bpon2 bpon1 bpon0 17h beep off time bpoff7 bpoff6 bpoff5 bpoff4 bpoff3 bpoff2 bpoff1 bpoff0 18h beep repeat count 0 bptm6 b ptm5 bptm4 bptm3 bptm2 bptm1 bptm0 19h beep volume control bpout 0 0 bplvl4 bplvl3 bplvl2 bplvl1 bplvl0 1ah reserved 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1bh reserved 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1ch digital filter select 1 0 0 lpf hpf 0 hpfc1 hpfc0 hpfad 1dh digital filter mode 0 0 0 0 0 pfdac adcpf pfsdo 1eh hpf2 co-efficient 0 f1a7 f1a6 f1a5 f1a4 f1a3 f1a2 f1a1 f1a0 1fh hpf2 co-efficient 1 0 0 f1a13 f1a12 f1a11 f1a10 f1a9 f1a8 20h hpf2 co-efficient 2 f1b7 f1b6 f1b5 f1b4 f1b3 f1b2 f1b1 f1b0 21h hpf2 co-efficient 3 0 0 f1b13 f1b12 f1b11 f1b10 f1b9 f1b8 22h lpf co-efficient 0 f2a7 f2a6 f2a5 f2a4 f2a3 f2a2 f2a1 f2a0 23h lpf co-efficient 1 0 0 f2a13 f2a12 f2a11 f2a10 f2a9 f2a8 24h lpf co-efficient 2 f2b7 f2b6 f2b5 f2b4 f2b3 f2b2 f2b1 f2b0 25h lpf co-efficient 3 0 0 f2b13 f2b12 f2b11 f2b10 f2b9 f2b8 26h reserved 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 27h reserved 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 28h reserved 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 29h reserved 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 2ah reserved 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 2bh reserved 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 2ch reserved 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 2dh reserved 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 2eh reserved 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 2fh reserved 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
[AK4953A] ms1252-e-00 2010/10 - 63 - addr register name d7 d6 d5 d4 d3 d2 d1 d0 30h digital filter select 2 0 0 0 eq5 eq4 eq3 eq2 eq1 31h reserved 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 32h e1 co-efficient 0 e1a7 e1a6 e1a5 e1a4 e1a3 e1a2 e1a1 e1a0 33h e1 co-efficient 1 e1a15 e1a14 e1 a13 e1a12 e1a11 e1a10 e1a9 e1a8 34h e1 co-efficient 2 e1b7 e1b6 e1b5 e1b4 e1b3 e1b2 e1b1 e1b0 35h e1 co-efficient 3 e1b15 e1b14 e1b13 e1b12 e1b11 e1b10 e1b9 e1b8 36h e1 co-efficient 4 e1c7 e1c6 e1c5 e1c4 e1c3 e1c2 e1c1 e1c0 37h e1 co-efficient 5 e1c15 e1c14 e1c13 e1c12 e1c11 e1c10 e1c9 e1c8 38h e2 co-efficient 0 e2a7 e2a6 e2a5 e2a4 e2a3 e2a2 e2a1 e2a0 39h e2 co-efficient 1 e2a15 e2a14 e2 a13 e2a12 e2a11 e2a10 e2a9 e2a8 3ah e2 co-efficient 2 e2b7 e2b6 e2b5 e2b4 e2b3 e2b2 e2b1 e2b0 3bh e2 co-efficient 3 e2b15 e2b14 e2b13 e2b12 e2b11 e2b10 e2b9 e2b8 3ch e2 co-efficient 4 e2c7 e2c6 e2c5 e2c4 e2c3 e2c2 e2c1 e2c0 3dh e2 co-efficient 5 e2c15 e2c14 e2c13 e2c12 e2c11 e2c10 e2c9 e2c8 3eh e3 co-efficient 0 e3a7 e3a6 e3a5 e3a4 e3a3 e3a2 e3a1 e3a0 3fh e3 co-efficient 1 e3a15 e3a14 e3 a13 e3a12 e3a11 e3a10 e3a9 e3a8 40h e3 co-efficient 2 e3b7 e3b6 e3b5 e3b4 e3b3 e3b2 e3b1 e3b0 41h e3 co-efficient 3 e3b15 e3b14 e3b13 e3b12 e3b11 e3b10 e3b9 e3b8 42h e3 co-efficient 4 e3c7 e3c6 e3c5 e3c4 e3c3 e3c2 e3c1 e3c0 43h e3 co-efficient 5 e3c15 e3c14 e3c13 e3c12 e3c11 e3c10 e3c9 e3c8 44h e4 co-efficient 0 e4a7 e4a6 e4a5 e4a4 e4a3 e4a2 e4a1 e4a0 45h e4 co-efficient 1 e4a15 e4a14 e4 a13 e4a12 e4a11 e4a10 e4a9 e4a8 46h e4 co-efficient 2 e4b7 e4b6 e4b5 e4b4 e4b3 e4b2 e4b1 e4b0 47h e4 co-efficient 3 e4b15 e4b14 e4b13 e4b12 e4b11 e4b10 e4b9 e4b8 48h e4 co-efficient 4 e4c7 e4c6 e4c5 e4c4 e4c3 e4c2 e4c1 e4c0 49h e4 co-efficient 5 e4c15 e4c14 e4c13 e4c12 e4c11 e4c10 e4c9 e4c8 4ah e5 co-efficient 0 e5a7 e5a6 e5a5 e5a4 e5a3 e5a2 e5a1 e5a0 4bh e5 co-efficient 1 e5a15 e5a14 e5a13 e5a12 e5a11 e5a10 e5a9 e5a8 4ch e5 co-efficient 2 e5b7 e5b6 e5b5 e5b4 e5b3 e5b2 e5b1 e5b0 4dh e5 co-efficient 3 e5b15 e5b14 e5b13 e5b12 e5b11 e5b10 e5b9 e5b8 4eh e5 co-efficient 4 e5c7 e5c6 e5c5 e5c4 e5c3 e5c2 e5c1 e5c0 4fh e5 co-efficient 5 e5c15 e5c14 e5c13 e5c12 e5c11 e5c10 e5c9 e5c8 note 53. pdn pin = ?l? resets the registers to their default values. note 54. the bits defined as 0 must contain a ?0? value. note 55. reading address 1ah, 1bh, 26h~2fh, 31h and 50h~7fh are not possible. note 56. address 0eh is a read only register. writing access to 0eh is ignored and does not effect the operation.
[AK4953A] ms1252-e-00 2010/10 - 64 - register definitions addr register name d7 d6 d5 d4 d3 d2 d1 d0 00h power management 1 pmpfil pmvcm pmbp pmspk lsv pmdac pmadr pmadl r/w r/w r/w r/w r/ w r/w r/w r/w r/w default 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 pmadl: mic-amp lch and adc lch power management 0: power-down (default) 1: power-up when the pmadl or pmadr bit is changed from ?0 ? to ?1?, the initialization cycle (1059/fs=24ms @44.1khz, adrst1-0 bits = ?00?) starts. after initializing, digital data of the adc is output. pmadr: mic-amp rch, adc rch power management 0: power down (default) 1: power up when the pmadl or pmadr bit is changed from ?0 ? to ?1?, the initialization cycle (1059/fs=24ms @44.1khz, adrst1-0 bits = ?00?) starts. after initializing, digital data of the adc is output. pmdac: dac power management 0: power-down (default) 1: power-up lsv: low voltage operation mode of the speaker amplifier 0: normal mode: svdd=1.8v ~ 5.5v (default) 1: low voltage mode: svdd=0.9v ~ 2.0v pmspk: speaker-amp power management 0: power-down (default) 1: power-up pmbp: beep generating circuit power management 0: power-down (default) 1: power-up pmvcm: vcom, regulator (2.5v) power management 0: power-down (default) 1: power-up pmpfil: programmable filter block (hpf2/lpf/5 band eq/alc) power management 0: power down (default) 1: power up all blocks can be powered-down by writing ?0? to the address ?00h?, pmpll, pmmp, pmhpl, pmhpr, pmdml, pmdmr and mcko bits. in this cas e, register values are maintained. pmvcm bit must be ?1? when one of bocks is powered- up. pmvcm bit can only be ?0? when the address ?00h? and all power management bits (pmpll, pmmp, pmhpl, pmhpr, pmdml, pmdmr and mcko) are ?0?.
[AK4953A] ms1252-e-00 2010/10 - 65 - addr register name d7 d6 d5 d4 d3 d2 d1 d0 01h power management 2 0 0 pmhpl pmhpr m/s 0 mcko pmpll r/w r r r/w r/w r/w r r/w r/w default 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 pmpll: pll power management 0: ext mode and power down (default) 1: pll mode and power up mcko: master clock output enable 0: disable: mcko pin = ?l? (default) 1: enable: output frequency is selected by ps1-0 bits. m/s: master / slave mode select 0: slave mode (default) 1: master mode pmhpr: rch headphone amplifier and charge pump power management 0: power down (default) 1: power up pmhpl: lch headphone amplifier and charge pump power management 0: power down (default) 1: power up
[AK4953A] ms1252-e-00 2010/10 - 66 - addr register name d7 d6 d5 d4 d3 d2 d1 d0 02h signal select 1 sppsn 0 dacs mpsel pmmp mgain2 mgain1 mgain0 r/w r/w r r/w r/w r/w r/w r/w r/w default 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 1 mgain3-0: mic-amp gain control ( table 22 ) pmmp: mpwr pin power management 0: power-down: hi-z (default) 1: power-up mpsel: mpwr output select 0: mpwr1 pin (default) 1: mpwr2 pin dacs: signal switch control from dac to speaker-amp 0: off (default) 1: on when dacs bit is ?1?, dac output signal is input to speaker-amp. sppsn: speaker-amp power-save mode 0: power-save mode (default) 1: normal operation when sppsn bit is ?0?, speaker-amp is in power-save mode. in this mode, the spp pin goes to hi-z and outputs svdd/2 voltage. when pmspk bit = ?1?, sppsn bit is enabled. after the pdn pin is set to ?l?, speaker-amp is in power-down mode since pmspk bit is ?0?. addr register name d7 d6 d5 d4 d3 d2 d1 d0 03h signal select 2 spkg1 spkg0 0 0 inr1 inl1 inr0 inl0 r/w r/w r/w r r r/w r/w r/w r/w default 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 inl1-0: adc lch input source select ( table 21 ) default: 00 (lin1 pin) inr1-0: adc rch input source select ( table 21 ) default: 00 (rin1 pin) spkg1-0: speaker-amp output gain select ( table 54 )
[AK4953A] ms1252-e-00 2010/10 - 67 - addr register name d7 d6 d5 d4 d3 d2 d1 d0 04h signal select 3 0 0 pts1 pts0 moff hpm 0 0 r/w r r r/w r/w r/w r/w r r default 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 hpm: headphone output select 0: stereo (default) 1: mono when hpm bit = ?1?, dac output signals are output from the headphone amplifier as (l+r)/2. moff: soft transition control of ?beep headphone? connection on/off 0: enable (default) 1: disable pts1-0: soft transition time of ?beep headphone? connection on/off default: ?01? ( table 43 ) addr register name d7 d6 d5 d4 d3 d2 d1 d0 05h mode control 1 pll3 pll2 pll1 pll0 bcko hpz dif1 dif0 r/w r/w r/w r/w r/w r/w w r/w r/w default 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 dif1-0: audio interface format ( table 18 ) default: ?10? (msb justified) hpz: pull-down setting of hp-amp 0: pull-down by a 10 (typ) resistor. (default) 1: hi-z when using hpz bit, set hpz bit to ?1? before starting a speaker amplifier operation, and then write registers according to the sequence in ? speaker-amp output ?. set hpz bit to ?0? before starting a headphone amplifier operation, and then write re gisters according to the sequence in ? headphone-amp output ?. bcko: master mode bick output frequency setting ( table 11 ) pll3-0: pll reference clock select ( table 5 ) default: ?0000?
[AK4953A] ms1252-e-00 2010/10 - 68 - addr register name d7 d6 d5 d4 d3 d2 d1 d0 06h mode control 2 ps1 ps0 cpck ds fs3 fs2 fs1 fs0 r/w r/w r/w r/w r/ w r/w r/w r/w r/w default 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 fs3-0: sampling frequency ( table 6 , table 7 ) and mcki frequency ( table 12, table 14 ) setting these bits control sampling frequency in pll mode and control mcki input frequency in ext mode. ds: double speed mode 0: normal speed: fs 48khz (default) 1: double speed: 48khz < fs 96khz ps1-0: mcko frequency setting ( table 10 ) default: ?00? (256fs) cpck: operation mode of the charge pump ( table 52 ) 0: low power mode (default) 1: high performance mode
[AK4953A] ms1252-e-00 2010/10 - 69 - addr register name d7 d6 d5 d4 d3 d2 d1 d0 07h mode control 3 read thde t smute dvolc ovolc ivolc dem1 dem0 r/w r/w r r/w r/w r/w r/w r/w r/w default 0 0 0 1 1 1 0 1 dem1-0: de-emphasis control ( table 39 ) default: ?01? (off) ivolc: input digital volume control mode select 0: independent 1: dependent (default) when ivolc bit = ?1?, ivl7-0 bits control both lch and rch volume levels, while register values of ivl7-0 bits are not written to ivr7-0 bits. when ivolc bit = ?0?, ivl7-0 bits control lch level and ivr7-0 bits control rch level, respectively. ovolc: output digital volu me control mode select 0: independent 1: dependent (default) when ovolc bit = ?1?, ovl7-0 bits control both lch and rch volume levels, while register values of ovl7-0 bits are not written to ovr7-0 bits. when ovol c bit = ?0?, ovl7-0 bits control lch level and ovr7-0 bits control rch level, respectively. dvolc: output digital volu me2 control mode select 0: independent 1: dependent (default) when dvolc bit = ?1?, dvl7-0 bits control both lch and rch volume levels, while register values of dvl7-0 bits are not written to dvr7-0 bits. when dvol c bit = ?0?, dvl7-0 bits control lch level and dvr7-0 bits control rch level, respectively. smute: soft mute control 0: normal operation (default) 1: dac outputs soft-muted thdet: thermal shutdown detection 0: thermal shutdown off (default) 1: thermal shutdown on read: read function enable 0: disable (default) 1: enable
[AK4953A] ms1252-e-00 2010/10 - 70 - addr register name d7 d6 d5 d4 d3 d2 d1 d0 08h digital mic 0 0 pmdmr pmdml dclke 0 dclkp dmic r/w r r r/w r/w r/w r r/w r/w default 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 dmic: digital microphone connection select 0: analog microphone (default) 1: digital microphone dclkp: data latching edge select 0: lch data is latched on the dmclk rising edge (? ?). (default) 1: lch data is latched on the dmclk falling edge (? ?). dclke: dmclk pin output clock control 0: ?l? output (default) 1: 64fs output pmdml/r: input signal select with digital microphone ( table 21 ) default: ?00? adc digital block is powered-down by pmdml = pmdmr bits = ?0? when selecting a digital microphone input (dmic bit = ?1?, inl/r bits = ?00?, ?01? or ?10?). addr register name d7 d6 d5 d4 d3 d2 d1 d0 09h timer select adrst1 adrst0 0 0 0 0 dvtm1 dvtm0 r/w r/w r/w r r r r r/w r/w default 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 dvtm1-0: digital volume soft transition time setting ( table 41 ) default: ?01? (1024/fs) this is the transition time between dvl/r7-0 bits = 00h and ffh. adrst1-0: adc initialization cycle setting 00: 1059/fs (default) 01: 267/fs 10: 2115/fs 11: 2115/fs addr register name d7 d6 d5 d4 d3 d2 d1 d0 0ah alc timer select 0 ztm1 ztm 0 wtm2 wtm1 wtm0 rfst1 rfst0 r/w r r/w r/w r/w r/w r/w r/w r/w default 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 rfst1-0: alc first recovery speed ( table 34 ) default: ?00? (4times) wtm2-0: alc recovery waiting period ( table 30 ) default: ?000? (128/fs) a period of recovery operation when any lim iter operation does not occur during alc operation ztm1-0: alc limiter/recovery operation zero crossing timeout period ( table 29 ) default: ?00? (128/fs) in case of the p write operation or alc recovery operation, the volume is changed at zero crossing or timeout.
[AK4953A] ms1252-e-00 2010/10 - 71 - addr register name d7 d6 d5 d4 d3 d2 d1 d0 0bh alc mode control 1 lfst alc2 alc1 zelmn lmat1 lmat0 lmth1 lmth0 r/w r/w r/w r/w r/ w r/w r/w r/w r/w default 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 lmth1-0: alc limiter detection level / recovery counter reset level ( table 27 ) default: ?00? lmat1-0: alc limiter att step ( table 28 ) default: ?00? zelmn: zero crossing detection en able at alc limiter operation 0: enable (default) 1: disable alc1: alc enable for recording 0: recording alc disable (default) 1: recording alc enable alc2: alc enable for playback 0: playback alc disable (default) 1: playback alc enable lfst: alc limiter operation when the out put level exceed fs(full-scale) level. 0: the volume is changed at zero crossing or zero crossing time out. (default) 1: when output of alc is larger than fs, ovol value is changed immediately (1/fs). addr register name d7 d6 d5 d4 d3 d2 d1 d0 0ch alc mode control 2 iref7 iref6 i ref5 iref4 iref3 iref2 iref1 iref0 r/w r/w r/w r/w r/ w r/w r/w r/w r/w default 1 1 1 0 0 0 0 1 iref7-0: reference value at alc recovery operation. 0.375db step, 242 level ( table 32 ) default: ?e1h? (+30.0db) addr register name d7 d6 d5 d4 d3 d2 d1 d0 0dh alc mode control 3 rgain1 rgain0 oref5 oref4 oref3 oref2 oref1 oref0 r/w r/w r/w r/w r/ w r/w r/w r/w r/w default 0 0 1 0 1 0 0 0 oref5-0: reference value at playback alc recovery operation. 0.375db step, 50 level ( table 33 ) default: ?28h? (+6.0db) rgain1: alc recovery gain step ( table 31 ) default: ?00?
[AK4953A] ms1252-e-00 2010/10 - 72 - addr register name d7 d6 d5 d4 d3 d2 d1 d0 0eh alc volume vol7 vol6 vol5 vol4 vol3 vol2 vol1 vol0 r/w r r r r r r r r default 1 0 0 1 0 0 0 1 vol7-0: current alc volume value; 0.375db step, 242 level. read operation only ( table 35 ) addr register name d7 d6 d5 d4 d3 d2 d1 d0 0fh lch input volume control ivl7 ivl6 ivl5 ivl4 ivl3 ivl2 ivl1 ivl0 10h rch input volume control ivr7 ivr6 ivr5 ivr4 ivr3 ivr2 ivr1 ivr0 r/w r/w r/w r/w r/ w r/w r/w r/w r/w default 1 1 1 0 0 0 0 1 ivl7-0, ivr7-0: ivr7-0: input digital volume; 0.375db step, 242 level ( table 38 ) default: ?e1h? (+30.0db) addr register name d7 d6 d5 d4 d3 d2 d1 d0 11h lch output volume control ovl7 ovl6 ovl5 ovl4 ovl3 ovl2 ovl1 ovl0 12h rch output volume control ovr7 ovr6 ovr5 ovr4 ovr3 ovr2 ovr1 ovr0 r/w r/w r/w r/w r/ w r/w r/w r/w r/w default 1 0 0 1 0 0 0 1 ovl7-0, ovr7-0: output digital volume ( table 40 ) default: ?91h? (0db) addr register name d7 d6 d5 d4 d3 d2 d1 d0 13h lch digital volume control dvl7 dvl6 dvl5 dvl4 dvl3 dvl2 dvl1 dvl0 14h rch digital volume control dvr7 dvr6 dvr5 dvr4 dvr3 dvr2 dvr1 dvr0 r/w r/w r/w r/w r/ w r/w r/w r/w r/w default 0 0 0 1 1 0 0 0 dvl7-0, dvr7-0: output digital volume2 ( table 41 ) default: ?18h? (0db) addr register name d7 d6 d5 d4 d3 d2 d1 d0 15h beep frequency bpcnt 0 0 0 0 0 bpfr1 bpfr0 r/w r/w r r r r r r/w r/w default 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 bpfr1-0: beep signal output frequency setting ( table 44, table 45 ) default: ?00h? bpcnt: beep signal output mode setting 0: once output mode. (default) 1: continuous mode in once output mode, the beep signal is output by the repeat times set by bptm6-0 bits. in continuous mode, the beep signal is output while bpcnt bit is ?1?.
[AK4953A] ms1252-e-00 2010/10 - 73 - addr register name d7 d6 d5 d4 d3 d2 d1 d0 16h beep on time bpon7 bpon6 bpon5 bpon4 bpon3 bpon2 bpon1 bpon0 r/w r/w r/w r/w r/ w r/w r/w r/w r/w default 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 bpon7-0: beep output on-time setting ( table 46, table 47 ) default: ?00h? addr register name d7 d6 d5 d4 d3 d2 d1 d0 17h beep off time bpoff7 bpoff6 bpoff5 bpoff4 bpoff3 bpoff2 bpoff1 bpoff0 r/w r/w r/w r/w r/ w r/w r/w r/w r/w default 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 bpoff7-0: beep output off-time setting ( table 48, table 49 ) default: ?00h? addr register name d7 d6 d5 d4 d3 d2 d1 d0 18h beep repeat count 0 bptm6 b ptm5 bptm4 bptm3 bptm2 bptm1 bptm0 r/w r r/w r/w r/w r/w r/w r/w r/w default 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 bptm6-0: beep output repeat count setting ( table 50 ) default: ?00h? addr register name d7 d6 d5 d4 d3 d2 d1 d0 19h beep volume control bpout 0 0 bplvl4 bplvl3 bplvl2 bplvl1 bplvl0 r/w r/w r r r/w r/w r/w r/w r/w default 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 bplvl4-0: beep output level setting ( table 51 ) default: ?0h? (0db) bpout: beep signal control 0: off (default) 1: on when bpcnt bit = ?0?, the beep signal starts outputting by setting bpout bit = ?1?. the beep signal stops after the number of times that is set by bptm6-0 bit, and bpout bit is set to ?0? automatically.
[AK4953A] ms1252-e-00 2010/10 - 74 - addr register name d7 d6 d5 d4 d3 d2 d1 d0 1ch digital filter select 1 0 0 lpf hpf 0 hpfc1 hpfc0 hpfad r/w r r r/w r/w r r/w r/w r/w default 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 hpfad: hpf1 control of adc 0: off 1: on (default) when hpfad bit is ?1?, the settings of hpfc1-0 bits are enabled. when hpfad bit is ?0?, hpfad block is through (0db). when pmadl bit = ?1? or pmadr b it = ?1?, set hpfad bit to ?1?. hpfc1-0: cut-off frequency setting of hpf1 (adc) ( table 26 ) default: ?00? (3.4hz @ fs = 44.1khz) hpf: hpf2 coefficient setting enable 0: off (default) 1: on when hpf bit is ?1?, the settings of f1a13-0 and f1b13- 0 bits are enabled. when hpf bit is ?0?, hpf block is through (0db). lpf: lpf coefficient setting enable 0: off (default) 1: on when lpf bit is ?1?, the settings of f2a13-0 and f2b13- 0 bits are enabled. when lpf bit is ?0?, lpf block is through (0db). addr register name d7 d6 d5 d4 d3 d2 d1 d0 1dh digital filter mode 0 0 0 0 0 pfdac adcpf pfsdo r/w r r r r r r/w r/w r/w default 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 1 pfsdo: sdto output signal select 0: adc (+ 1st hpf) output 1: programmable filter / alc output (default) adcpf: programmable filter / alc input signal select 0: sdti 1: adc output (default) pfdac: dac input signal select 0: sdti (default) 1: programmable filter / alc output
[AK4953A] ms1252-e-00 2010/10 - 75 - addr register name d7 d6 d5 d4 d3 d2 d1 d0 1eh hpf2 co-efficient 0 f1a7 f1a6 f1a5 f1a4 f1a3 f1a2 f1a1 f1a0 1fh hpf2 co-efficient 1 0 0 f1a13 f1a12 f1a11 f1a10 f1a9 f1a8 20h hpf2 co-efficient 2 f1b7 f1b6 f1b5 f1b4 f1b3 f1b2 f1b1 f1b0 21h hpf2 co-efficient 3 0 0 f1b13 f1b12 f1b11 f1b10 f1b9 f1b8 r/w r/w r/w r/w r/ w r/w r/w r/w r/w default f1a13-0 bits = 0x1fa9, f1b13-0 bits = 0x20ad f1a13-0, f1b13-0: hpf2 coefficient (14bit x 2) default: f1a13-0 bits = 0x1fa9, f1b13-0 bits = 0x20ad fc = 150hz@fs=44.1khz addr register name d7 d6 d5 d4 d3 d2 d1 d0 22h lpf co-efficient 0 f2a7 f2a6 f2a5 f2a4 f2a3 f2a2 f2a1 f2a0 23h lpf co-efficient 1 0 0 f2a13 f2a12 f2a11 f2a10 f2a9 f2a8 24h lpf co-efficient 2 f2b7 f2b6 f2b5 f2b4 f2b3 f2b2 f2b1 f2b0 25h lpf co-efficient 3 0 0 f2b13 f2b12 f2b11 f2b10 f2b9 f2b8 r/w r/w r/w r/w r/ w r/w r/w r/w r/w default 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 f2a13-0, f2b13-0: lpf coefficient (14bit x 2) default: ?0000h?
[AK4953A] ms1252-e-00 2010/10 - 76 - addr register name d7 d6 d5 d4 d3 d2 d1 d0 30h digital filter select 2 0 0 0 eq5 eq4 eq3 eq2 eq1 r/w r r r r/w r/ w r/w r/w r/w default 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 eq1: equalizer 1 coefficient setting enable 0: disable (default) 1: enable when eq1 bit is ?1?, the settings of e1a15-0, e1b15-0 and e1c15-0 bits are enable d. when eq1 bit is ?0?, eq1 block is through (0db). eq2: equalizer 2 coefficient setting enable 0: disable (default) 1: enable when eq2 bit is ?1?, the settings of e2a15-0, e2b15-0 and e2c15-0 bits are enable d. when eq2 bit is ?0?, eq2 block is through (0db). eq3: equalizer 3 coefficient setting enable 0: disable (default) 1: enable when eq3 bit is ?1?, the settings of e3a15-0, e3b15-0 and e3c15-0 bits are enable d. when eq3 bit is ?0?, eq3 block is through (0db). eq4: equalizer 4 coefficient setting enable 0: disable (default) 1: enable when eq4 bit is ?1?, the settings of e4a15-0, e4b15-0 and e4c15-0 bits are enable d. when eq4 bit is ?0?, eq4 block is through (0db). eq5: equalizer 5 coefficient setting enable 0: disable (default) 1: enable when eq5 bit is ?1?, the settings of e5a15-0, e5b15-0 and e5c15-0 bits are enable d. when eq5 bit is ?0?, eq5 block is through (0db).
[AK4953A] ms1252-e-00 2010/10 - 77 - addr register name d7 d6 d5 d4 d3 d2 d1 d0 32h e1 co-efficient 0 e1a7 e1a6 e1a5 e1a4 e1a3 e1a2 e1a1 e1a0 33h e1 co-efficient 1 e1a15 e1a14 e1a13 e1a12 e1a11 e1a10 e1a9 e1a8 34h e1 co-efficient 2 e1b7 e1b6 e1b5 e1b4 e1b3 e1b2 e1b1 e1b0 35h e1 co-efficient 3 e1b15 e1b14 e1b13 e1b12 e1b11 e1b10 e1b9 e1b8 36h e1 co-efficient 4 e1c7 e1c6 e1c5 e1c4 e1c3 e1c2 e1c1 e1c0 37h e1 co-efficient 5 e1c15 e1c14 e1c13 e1c12 e1c11 e1c10 e1c9 e1c8 38h e2 co-efficient 0 e2a7 e2a6 e2a5 e2a4 e2a3 e2a2 e2a1 e2a0 39h e2 co-efficient 1 e2a15 e2a14 e2a13 e2a12 e2a11 e2a10 e2a9 e2a8 3ah e2 co-efficient 2 e2b7 e2b6 e2b5 e2b4 e2b3 e2b2 e2b1 e2b0 3bh e2 co-efficient 3 e2b15 e2b14 e2b13 e2b12 e2b11 e2b10 e2b9 e2b8 3ch e2 co-efficient 4 e2c7 e2c6 e2c5 e2c4 e2c3 e2c2 e2c1 e2c0 3dh e2 co-efficient 5 e2c15 e2c14 e2c13 e2c12 e2c11 e2c10 e2c9 e2c8 3eh e3 co-efficient 0 e3a7 e3a6 e3a5 e3a4 e3a3 e3a2 e3a1 e3a0 3fh e3 co-efficient 1 e3a15 e3a14 e3a13 e3a12 e3a11 e3a10 e3a9 e3a8 40h e3 co-efficient 2 e3b7 e3b6 e3b5 e3b4 e3b3 e3b2 e3b1 e3b0 41h e3 co-efficient 3 e3b15 e3b14 e3b13 e3b12 e3b11 e3b10 e3b9 e3b8 42h e3 co-efficient 4 e3c7 e3c6 e3c5 e3c4 e3c3 e3c2 e3c1 e3c0 43h e3 co-efficient 5 e3c15 e3c14 e3c13 e3c12 e3c11 e3c10 e3c9 e3c8 44h e4 co-efficient 0 e4a7 e4a6 e4a5 e4a4 e4a3 e4a2 e4a1 e4a0 45h e4 co-efficient 1 e4a15 e4a14 e4a13 e4a12 e4a11 e4a10 e4a9 e4a8 46h e4 co-efficient 2 e4b7 e4b6 e4b5 e4b4 e4b3 e4b2 e4b1 e4b0 47h e4 co-efficient 3 e4b15 e4b14 e4b13 e4b12 e4b11 e4b10 e4b9 e4b8 48h e4 co-efficient 4 e4c7 e4c6 e4c5 e4c4 e4c3 e4c2 e4c1 e4c0 49h e4 co-efficient 5 e4c15 e4c14 e4c13 e4c12 e4c11 e4c10 e4c9 e4c8 4ah e5 co-efficient 0 e5a7 e5a6 e5a5 e5a4 e5a3 e5a2 e5a1 e5a0 4bh e5 co-efficient 1 e5a15 e5a14 e5a13 e5a12 e5a11 e5a10 e5a9 e5a8 4ch e5 co-efficient 2 e5b7 e5b6 e5b5 e5b4 e5b3 e5b2 e5b1 e5b0 4dh e5 co-efficient 3 e5b15 e5b14 e5b13 e5b12 e5b11 e5b10 e5b9 e5b8 4eh e5 co-efficient 4 e5c7 e5c6 e5c5 e5c4 e5c3 e5c2 e5c1 e5c0 4fh e5 co-efficient 5 e5c15 e5c14 e5c13 e5c12 e5c11 e5c10 e5c9 e5c8 r/w r/w r/w r/w r/ w r/w r/w r/w r/w default 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 e1a15-0, e1b15-0, e1c15-0: equalizer 1 coefficient (16bit x3) default: ?0000h? e2a15-0, e2b15-0, e2c15-0: equalizer 2 coefficient (16bit x3) default: ?0000h? e3a15-0, e3b15-0, e3c15-0: equalizer 3 coefficient (16bit x3) default: ?0000h? e4a15-0, e4b15-0, e4c15-0: equalizer 4 coefficient (16bit x3) default: ?0000h? e5a15-0, e5b15-0, e5c15-0: equalizer 5 coefficient (16bit x3) default: ?0000h?
[AK4953A] ms1252-e-00 2010/10 - 78 - system design figure 50 shows the system connection diagram. an evaluation board (akd4953a) is available for fast evaluation as well as suggestions for peripheral circuitry. dsp p 2.2u power supply 2.85 3.5v headphone 10u power supply dvdd 3.5v 0.1u 0.1u line in a vdd vss1 regfil vcom lin3 rin3 lin2 r in2 cn c p vss3 pve e hp r hp l spn lin1 rin1 pdn csn ccl k cdtio sdti svdd i2c mcko mcki vss2 tvdd sdto bick a k4953 a top view 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 27 26 25 17 16 15 14 13 12 11 10 24 23 22 21 20 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 36 19 vss4 18 lrc k 9 dvdd sp p mpw r 2 mpwr1 power supply 0.9 5.5v speaker 0.1u 10u power supply 1.6 2.0v 2.2u 2.2u 0.1u internal mic 2.2k 2.2k 2.2k 2.2k c c c c c c external mic 10u analog ground digital ground 2.2u 0.22u 0.22u 100 100 notes: - vss1, vss2, vss3 and vss4 of the AK4953A must be distributed separately from the ground of external controllers. - all digital input pins must not be left floating. - when the AK4953A is used in master mode, lrck and bick pins are floating before m/s bit is changed to ?1?. therefore, around 100k pull-up resistor must be connected to lrck and bick pins of the AK4953A. - 0.1 f capacitors at power supply pins should be ceramic capacitors. other capacitors do not have specific types. figure 50. system connection diagram (3-wire serial mode)
[AK4953A] ms1252-e-00 2010/10 - 79 - 1. grounding and power supply decoupling the AK4953A requires careful attention to power s upply and grounding arrangements. if avdd, dvdd, tvdd and svdd are supplied separately, the power-up sequence is not critical. vss1, vss2, vss3 and vss4 of the AK4953A must be connected to the analog ground plane. system analog ground and digital ground must be connected together near to where the supplies are brought onto the printed circuit board. decoupling capacitors must be as near to the AK4953A as possible, with the small value ceramic capacitor being the nearest. 2. internal regulated voltage power supply the input voltage to the regfil pin is used as power supply (typ. 2.5v) for the internal analog circuit. a 2.2 f50% electrolytic capacitor connected between the regfil and vss1 pins eliminat es the effects of high frequency noise. this capacitor in particular should be connected as close as possible to the pin. no load current may be drawn from the regfil pin. all digital signals, especially clocks, should be kept away from the regfil pin in order to avoid unwanted coupling into the AK4953A. 3. voltage reference vcom is a signal ground of this chip (typ. 1.25v). a 2.2 f50% electrolytic capacitor conn ected between this pin and the vss1 pin eliminates the effects of high frequency noise. th is capacitor in particular should be connected as close as possible to the pin. no load current may be drawn from the vcom pin. all digital signals, especially clocks, must be kept away from the vcom pin in order to avoid unwanted coupling into the AK4953A. 4. charge pump 2.2 f50% capacitors between the cp and cn pins, and the pvee and vss3 pins should be low esr ceramic capacitors. these capacitors must be connected as close as po ssible to the pins. no load current may be drawn from the pvee pin. 5. analog inputs the mic input is single-ended. the input signal range scales with nominally at typ. 2.4vpp (@ mgain = 0db), centered around the internal signal ground (typ. 1.25v). usually the input signal is ac coupled using a capacitor (1 f or less is recommended). the cut-off frequency is fc = 1/ (2 rc). the AK4953A can accept input voltages from vss1 to avdd. 6. analog outputs the input data format for the dac is 2?s complement. th e output voltage is a positive full scale for 7fffffh (@24bit) and a negative full scale for 800000h (@24bit). the ideal output is vcom voltage for 000000h (@24bit). the headphone output is single-ended and centered around vss (0 v). there is no need for ac coupling capacitors. the speaker outputs are centered on 0.5 x svdd (typ).
[AK4953A] ms1252-e-00 2010/10 - 80 - control sequence clock set up when any circuits of the AK4953A are powered-up, the clocks must be supplied. 1. pll master mode bick pin lrck pin mcko bit (addr:01h, d1) pmpll bit (addr:01h, d0) 10msec(max) output (1) (7) power supply pdn pin pmvcm bit (addr:00h, d6) (2) (3) mcki pin (5) (4) input m/s bit (addr:01h, d3) mcko pin output (9) (8) 10msec(max) > 3ms (6) example: audio i/f format: msb justified (adc & dac) bick frequency at mast er mode: 64fs input master clock select at pll mode: 11.2896mhz mcko: enable sampling frequency: 44.1khz (1) power supply & pdn pin = ?l? ? ?h? ( 3 ) addr:00h, data:40h (2)dummy command addr:01h, data:08h addr:05h, data:4ah addr:06h, data:0dh ( 4 ) addr:01h, data:0bh mcko, bick and lrck output figure 51. clock set up sequence (1) (1) after power up, pdn pin ?l? ?h?. ?l? time of 150ns or more is needed to reset the AK4953A. (2) after dummy command input, m/s, dif1-0, bcko, pll3-0, fs3-0, ds and ps1-0 bits must be set during this period. (3) power up vcom and regulator: pmvcm bit = ?0? ?1? vcom and regulator must first be powered-up before the other block operates. power up time is 3ms (max). (4) in case of using mcko output: mcko bit = ?1? in case of not using mcko output: mcko bit = ?0? (5) pll starts after pmpll bit changes from ?0? to ?1? and mcki is supplie d from an external source, and pll lock time is 10ms (max). (6) bick pin outputs ?h? and lrck pin outputs ?l? during this period. (7) the AK4953A starts to output the lrck and bick cloc ks after the pll became stable. then normal operation starts. (8) the invalid frequency is output from the mcko pin during this period if mcko bit = ?1?. (9) the normal clock is output from the mcko pin after the pll is locked if mcko bit = ?1?.
[AK4953A] ms1252-e-00 2010/10 - 81 - 2. pll slave mode (bick pin) pmpll bit (addr:01h, d0) internal clock (1) power supply pdn pin pmvcm bit (addr:00h, d6) (2) (3) bick pin (4) (5) input > 3ms 4fs of example: audio i/f format: msb justified (adc & dac) pll reference clock: bi ck bick frequency: 64fs sampling frequency: 44.1khz (1) power supply & pdn pin = ?l? ? ?h? ( 3 ) addr:00h, data:40h (2) dummy command addr:05h, data:32h addr:06h, data:02h (4) addr:01h, data:01h figure 52. clock set up sequence (2) (1) after power up: pdn pin ?l? ?h? ?l? time of 150ns or more is needed to reset the AK4953A. (2) after dummy command input, dif1-0, pll3-0, fs3-0 and ds bits must be set during this period. (3) power up vcom and regulator: pmvcm bit = ?0? ?1? vcom and regulator must first be powered-up before the other block operates. power up time is 3ms (max). (4) pll starts after the pmpll bit cha nges from ?0? to ?1? and pll reference clock (bick pin) is supplied. pll lock time is 2ms (max) when bick is a pll reference clock. (5) normal operation stats after that the pll is locked.
[AK4953A] ms1252-e-00 2010/10 - 82 - 3. pll slave mode (mcki pin) bick pin lrck pin mcko bit (addr:01h, d1) pmpll bit (addr:01h, d0) (1) power supply pdn pin pmvcm bit (addr:00h, d6) (2) (3) mcki pin (5) (4) input mcko pin output (6) (7) 10msec(max) (8) input > 3ms example: audio i/f format: msb justified (adc & dac) input master clock select at pll mode: 11.2896mhz mcko: enable sampling frequency: 44.1khz (1) power supply & pdn pin = ?l? ? ?h? ( 3 ) addr:00h, data:40h (2)dummy command addr:05h, data:42h addr:06h, data:0dh ( 4 ) addr:01h, data:03h mcko output start bick and lrck input start figure 53. clock set up sequence (3) (1) after power up: pdn pin ?l? ?h? ?l? time of 150ns or more is needed to reset the AK4953A. (2) after dummy command input, dif1-0, pll3-0, fs3-0, ds and ps1-0 bits must be set during this period. (3) power up vcom and regulator: pmvcm bit = ?0? ?1? vcom and regulator must first be powered-up before the other block operates. power up time is 3ms (max). (4) enable mcko output: mcko bit = ?1? (5) pll starts after that the pmpll b it changes from ?0? to ?1? and pll reference clock (mcki pin) is supplied. pll lock time is 10ms (max). (6) the normal clock is output from mcko after pll is locked. (7) the invalid frequency is output from mcko during this period. (8) bick and lrck clocks must be synchronized with mcko clock.
[AK4953A] ms1252-e-00 2010/10 - 83 - 4. ext slave mode (1) power supply pdn pin pmvcm bit (addr:00h, d6) (2) (3) lrck pin bick pin (4) input (4) mcki pin input example: audio i/f format : msb jusified (adc and d ac) input mcki frequency: 256fs sampling frequency: 44.1khz (1) power supply & pdn pin = ? l? ? ?h? ( 3 ) addr:00h, data:40h (2)dummy command addr:05h, data:02h addr:06h, data:02h mcki, bick and lrck input figure 54. clock set up sequence (4) (1) after power up: pdn pin ?l? ?h? ?l? time of 150ns or more is needed to reset the AK4953A. (2) after dummy command input, dif1-0, fs3-0 and ds bits must be set during this period. (3) power up vcom and regulator: pmvcm bit = ?0? ?1? vcom and regulator must first be power ed-up before the other block operates. (4) normal operation starts after the mcki, lrck and bick are supplied.
[AK4953A] ms1252-e-00 2010/10 - 84 - 5. ext master mode (1) power supply pdn pin pmvcm bit (addr:00h, d6) (4) (5) lrck pin bick pin (3) mcki pin input m/s bit (addr:01h, d3) output (2) example: audio i/f format: msb justified (adc and dac) input mcki frequency: 256fs sampling frequency: 44.1khz bc ko: 6 4fs (1) power supply & pdn pin = ?l? ? ?h? ( 5 ) addr:00h, data:40h (4)addr:05h, data:0ah addr:06h, data:02h addr:01h, data:08h bick and lrck output (3) mcki input (2) dummy command figure 55. clock set up sequence (5) (1) after power up: pdn pin ?l? ?h? ?l? time of 150ns or more is needed to reset the AK4953A. (2) dummy command must be input during this period. (3) mcki is supplied. (4) after dif1-0, bcko, fs3-0 and ds bits are set. m/s bit should be set to ?1?. then lrck and bick are output. (5) power up vcom and regulator: pmvcm bit = ?0? ?1? vcom and regulator must first be power ed-up before the other block operates.
[AK4953A] ms1252-e-00 2010/10 - 85 - mic input recording (stereo) example: pll master mode audio i/f format: msb justified pre mic amp: +20db mic power 1 on sampling frequency: 44.1khz alc1 setting: refer to table 35 hpf1: fc=108.8hz, adrst1-0 bits = ?00? programmable filter off (3) addr:09h, data:00h addr:0ah, data:70h (1) addr:06h, data:0dh (4) addr:0ch, data:e1h (5) addr:0fh, data:e1h (6) addr:0dh, data:00h (7) addr:0bh, data:a1h (8) addr:1dh, data:03h (9) addr:1ch, data:04h (10) addr:1ch, data:05h (11) addr:00h, data:c3h recording (13) addr:0bh, data:00h (2) addr:02h, data:0bh (12) addr:00h, data:40h figure 56. mic input recording sequence this sequence is an example of alc1 setting at fs=44.1kh z. for changing the parameter of alc, please refer to ? registers set-up sequence at alc1 operation (recording path) ?. at first, clocks should be supplied according to ?clock set up? sequence. (1) set up a sampling frequency (fs3-0 bits). when the AK4953A is the pll mode, mic, adc and programmable filter of (11) must be powered-up in consideration of pll lock time after a sampling frequency is changed. (2) set up mic gain (addr = 02h) (3) set up alc1 timer, adrst1-0 bits (addr = 09h, 0ah) (4) set up iref value at alc1 (addtr = 0ch) (5) set up ivol value at alc1 operation start (addr = 0fh) (6) set up rgain1-0 bits (addr =0dh) (7) set up lmth1-0, lmat1-0, zelmn, al c1 and lfst bits (addr = 0bh) (8) set up programmable filter path: pfsdo bit = adcpf bit = ?1? (addr = 1dh) (9) set up coefficient programmable filter (addr: 1ch, 1eh ~ 25h, 32h ~ 4fh) (10) set up of programmable filter on/off (11) power up mic, adc and programmable filter: pmadl =pmadr =pmpfil bits = ?0? ?1? the initialization cycle time of adc is 1059/fs=24ms @ fs=44.1khz, adrst1-0 bit = ?00?. adc outputs ?0? data during the initialization cycle. after the alc1 bit is set to ?1?, the alc1 operation starts from ivol value of (5). (12) power down mic, adc and programmable f ilter: pmadl = pmadr = pmpfil bits = ?1? ?0? (13) alc disable: alc1 bit = ?1? ?0? fs3-0 bits (addr:06h, d3-0) pmpfil bit pmadl/r bit (addr:00h, d7, d1-0) sdto pin state 1101 0000 0, 011 0 data output normal data output (11) alc1 state alc1 enable alc1 disable (6) alc control 1 (addr:0bh) 00, 00h a1h (4) alc control 2 (addr:0ch ) 00 e1h ivl7-0 bits (addr:0fh) e1h 00, 70h (5) (8) digital filter path (addr:1dh) 03h 03h filter select (addr:1ch, 30h) xx....x (9) 0 data output (12) alc1 disable initialize 1059/fs (2) timer select (addr:09h, d7-6 addr:0ah) 1, 011 (3) alc control 3 (addr:0dh, d7-6) 00h 00 (7) xx....x (1) filter co-ef (addr:1ch,1e-25h, 32-4fh) xx....x (10) xx....x mic control (addr:02h, d3, d2-0) e1h e1h (13) 00h
[AK4953A] ms1252-e-00 2010/10 - 86 - digital mic input recording (stereo) fs3-0 bits (addr:06h, d3-0) pmpfil bit (addr:00h, d7) digital mic (addr:08h) sdto pin state 1101 0000 00, 00h 0 data output normal data ouput (10) alc1 state alc1 enable alc1 disable (6) alc control 1 (addr:0bh) 00h a1h (4) alc control 2 (addr:0ch ) 00 e1h ivl7-0 bits (addr:0fh) e1h e1h (5) (8) digital filter path (addr:1dh) 03h 03h filter co-ef (addr:1ch, 1e-25h 32-4fh) xx....x xx....x filter select (addr:1ch, 30h) xx....x (9) 0 data output (11) (13) (12) alc1 disable 1059/fs (2) timer select (addr:09h, d7-6 addr:0ah,) 00, 70h (3) alc control 3 (addr:0dh, d7-6) 00h 00 (7) xx....x (1) 0011 x 0 xx 0000 x 0 xx 0000 x 0 xx (14) 00h example: pll mast er mode audio i/f format: msb justified sampling frequency: 44.1khz digital mic setting: d ata is latched on the dmclk failing edge alc1 setting: refer to table 35 hpf1: fc=108.8hz, adrst1-0 bits = ?00? prog ra mmable filter off (2) addr:09h, data:00h addr:0ah, data:70h ( 1 ) addr:06h, data:0dh ( 3 ) addr:0ch, data:e1h (4) addr:0fh, data:e1h ( 5 ) addr:0dh, data:00h (6) addr:0bh, data:a1h (7) addr:1dh, data:03h (8) addr:1ch, data:04h ( 9 ) addr:1ch, data:05h (10) addr:00h, data:c0h (11) addr:08h, data:3bh recordin g ( 12 ) addr:08h, data:0bh ( 13 ) addr:00h, data:40h (14) addr:0bh, data:00h figure 57. digital mic input recording sequence this sequence is an example of alc1 setting at fs=44.1kh z. for changing the parameter of alc, please refer to ? registers set-up sequence at alc1 operation (recording path)? . at first, clocks should be supplied according to ?clock set up? sequence. (1) set up a sampling frequency (fs3-0 bits). when the AK4953A is pll mode, digital mic of (11) and programmable filter of (10) must be powered-up in consideration of pll lock time after a sampling frequency is changed. (2) set up alc1 timer and adrst1-0 bits (addr = 09h, 0ah) (3) set up iref value for alc1 (addtr = 0ch) (4) set up ivol value at alc1 operation start (addr = 0fh) (5) set up rgain1-0 bits (addr =0dh) (6) set up lmth1-0, lmat1-0, zelmn, alc1, lfst bits (addr = 0bh) (7) set up programmable filter path: pfsdo bit = adcpf bit = ?1? (addr = 1dh) (8) set up coefficient of programmable filter (addr: 1ch, 1eh ~ 25h, 32h ~ 4fh) (9) set up programmable filter on/off (10) power up programmable filter: pmpfil bit = ?0? ?1? (11) set up & power up digital mic: pmdmr = pmdml bits = ?0? ?1? the initialization cycle time of adc is 1059/fs=24ms @ fs=44.1khz, .adrst1-0 b it = ?00?. adc outputs ?0? data during initialization cycle. after the alc1 bit is set to ?1?, the alc1 operation starts from ivol value of (5). (12) power down digital mic: pmdmr =pmdml bits = ?1? ?0? (13) power down programmable filter: pmpfil bit = ?1? ?0? (14) alc1 disable: alc1 bit = ?1? ?0?
[AK4953A] ms1252-e-00 2010/10 - 87 - headphone-amp output fs3-0 bits (addr:06h, d3-0) dvl7-0 bits (addr:13h) pmdac bit (addr:00h, d2) 1101 0000 18h 18h hpl pin hpr pin (1) (2) > 35ms (5) pmhpl/r bits (addr:01h, d5-4) (4) digital filter path (addr:1dh) 03h (3) 03h example: pll, master m ode audio i/f format: msb justified sampling frequency: 44.1khz digital volume 2: 0db pm bp bit = ?0? program ma ble filter off (1) addr:06h, data:0dh (2) addr:13h, data:18h (4) addr:00h, data:44h addr:01h, data:39h playback (3) addr:1dh, data:03h (5) addr:01h, data:09h addr:00h, data:40h figure 58. headphone-amp output sequence at first, clocks should be supplied according to ?clock set up? sequence. (1) set up a sampling frequency (fs3-0 bits). when the AK4953A is pll mode, dac of (4) must be powered-up in consideration of pll lock time after a sampling frequency is changed. (2) set up the output digital volume 2 (addr = 13h) (3) set up programmable filter path: pfdac, adcpf, pfsdo bits (addr = 1dh) (4) power up dac and headphone-amp: pmdac = pmhpl = pmhpr bits = ?0? ? ?1? when pmhpl = pmhpr bits = ?1?, the charge pump circuit starts to power-up. the power-up time of headphone-amp block is 35ms (max). (5) power down dac and headphone-amp: pmdac = pmhpl = pmhpr bits = ?1? ? ?0?
[AK4953A] ms1252-e-00 2010/10 - 88 - beep signal output from headphone-amp 1. power down dac headphone-amp pmhpl bit pmhpr bit (addr:01h, d5-4) beep gen bits (addr:15-19h) bpout bit (addr:19h, d7) (3) (1) (4) (2) (6) pmbp bit (addr:00h, d5) (5) 00h 00h (4) > 35ms 0v hpl pin hpr pin 0v beep output example:default ( 2 ) addr:01h, data:30h ( 3 ) addr:00h, d5 bit = ?1? (1) addr:15-19h, data:00h beep si g nal output ( 4 ) addr:19h, data:80h addr:19h, data:00h (auto) ( 6 ) addr:01h, data:00h (5) addr:00h, d5 bit = ?0? figure 59. ?beep generator headphone-amp? output sequence at first, clocks should be supplied according to ?clock set up? sequence. (1) set up beep generator (addr: 15h ~ 19h) (when repeat output time bpcnt bit = ?0?) (2) power up headphone-amp: pmhpl bit or pmhpr bit = ?0? ?1? (3) power up beep-generator: pmbp bit = ?0? ?1? charge pump circuit starts to power-up. the power-up time of headphone-amp block is 35ms (max). (4) beep output: bpout bit= ?0? ?1? after outputting data particular set times, bpout bit automatically goes to ?0?. (5) power down beep generator: pmbp bit = ?1? ?0? (6) power down headphone-amp: pmhpl bit or pmhpr bit = ?1? ?0?
[AK4953A] ms1252-e-00 2010/10 - 89 - 2. power up dac headphone-amp beep gen bits (addr:15-19h) bpout bit (addr:19h, d7) (2) (1) (3) pmbp bit (addr:00h, d5) (4) 00h 00h (3) normal output + beep output normal output hpl pin hpr pin pts1-0 bits pts1-0 bits normal output example:default (2) addr:00h, d5 bit = ?1? (1) addr:15-19h, data:00h beep signal output (3) addr:19h, data:80h addr:19h, data:00h ( auto ) ( 4 ) addr:00h, d5 bit = ?0? figure 60. ?beep generator headphone-amp? output sequence at first, clocks should be supplie d according to ?clock set up? sequen ce, and headphone-amp output should be started according to ?headphone -amp output? sequence. (1) set up beep generator (addr: 15h ~ 19h) (when repeat output time bpcnt bit = ?0?) (2) power up beep generator: pmbp bit = ?0? ?1? (3) beep output: bpout bit= ?0? ?1? after the transition time by setting pts1-0 bits, beep signal is started to output. after outputting data particular set times, bpout bit automatically goes to ?0?. (4) power down beep generator: pmbp bit = ?1? ?0?
[AK4953A] ms1252-e-00 2010/10 - 90 - speaker-amp output fs3-0 bits (addr:06h, d3-0) ovl/r7-0 bits (addr:11h&12h) pmpfil bit pmdac bit (addr:00h,d7&d2) pmspk bit (addr:00h, d4) 1101 0000 91h 91h spp pin normal output sppsn bit (addr:02h, d7) hi-z hi-z spn pin normal output hi-z hi-z svdd/2 svdd/2 (1) (8) c1h 00h (6) alc control 1 (addr:0bh) (9) (10) (13) (11) dacs bit (addr:02h, d5) (12) 01 00 (3) spkg1-0 bits (addr:03h, d7-6) (2) (5) timer select (addr:0ah) 00h 70h (4) alc control 3 (addr:0dh) 28h 28h digital filter path (addr:1dh) 03h 04h (7) alc2 enable alc2 disable alc2 state alc2 disable > 1 ms example: pll master mode audio i/f format: msb justified sampling frequency:44.1khz digital volume: 0db al c2: enab le programm able filter off (2) addr:02h, data:23h (6) addr:0bh, data:c1h ( 1 ) addr:06h, data:0dh (7) addr:11h & 12h, data:91h (9) addr:00h, data:d4h ( 10 ) addr:02h, data:a3h ( 11 ) addr:02h, data:23h pla y back (12) addr:02h, data:03h (13) addr:00h, data:40h ( 3 ) addr:03h, data:40h (5) addr:0dh, data:28h ( 8 ) addr:1dh, data:04h ( 4 ) addr:0ah, data:70h figure 61. speaker-amp output sequence at first, clocks must be supplied according to ?clock set up? sequence. (1) set up a sampling frequency (fs3-0 bits). when the AK4953A is pll mode, dac and speaker-amp of (9) must be powered-up in consideration of pll lo ck time after a sampling frequency is changed. (2) set up the path of dac spk-amp: dacs bit = ?0? ?1? (3) spk-amp gain setting: spkg1-0 bits = ?00? ?01? (4) set up timer select for alc2 (addr = 0ah) (5) set up oref value for alc2 and rgain1-0 bits (addr = 0dh) (6) set up lmth1-0, lmat1-0, zelmin, al c2 and lfst bits (addr = 0bh) (7) set up the output digital volume (addr = 11h, 12h) set up ovol value at alc2 operation start. when ovolc bit is ?1? (default), ovl7- 0 bits set the volume of both channels. after dac is powered-up, the digital volume changes from default value (0db) to the register setting value by the soft transition. when alc2 bit = ?0?, it could be digital volume control. (8) set up programmable filter path: pfdac, adcpf, pfsdo bits (addr = 1dh) (9) power up dac, programmable filter and speaker: pmdac = pmpfil = pmspk bits = ?0? ?1? (10) exit the power-save-mode of speaker-amp: sppsn bit = ?0? ?1? (11) enter speaker-amp power-s ave-mode: sppsn bit = ?1? ?0? (12) disable the path of ?dac spk-amp?: dacs bit = ?1? ?0? (13) power down dac, programmable filter and speaker: pmdac = pmpfil = pmspk bits = ?1? ?0?
[AK4953A] ms1252-e-00 2010/10 - 91 - beep signal output from speaker-amp pmspk bit (addr:00h, d4) beep gen bits (addr:15-19h) sppsn bit (addr:02h, d7) (1) (2) (4) (3) (8) pmbp bit (addr:00h, d5) (7) xxh 00h (6) bpout bit (addr:19h, d7) (5) (5) beep output hi-z hi-z beep output hi-z hi-z svdd/2 svdd/2 spp pin spn pin > 1 ms svdd/2 svdd/2 example:default ( 2 ) addr:00h, data:50h ( 3 ) addr:00h, d5 bit = ?1? (1) addr:15-19h, data:00h beep si g nal output ( 5 ) addr:19h, data:80h addr:19h, data:00h ( auto ) (8) addr:00h, data:40h ( 7 ) addr:00h, d5 bit = ?0? (4) addr:02h, data:83h (6) addr:02h, data:03h figure 62. ?beep generator speaker-amp? output sequence at first, clocks must be supplied according to ?clock set up? sequence. (1) set up beep generator (addr: 15h ~ 19h) (when repeat output time bpcnt bit = ?0?) (2) power up speaker: pmspk bit = ?0? ?1? (3) power up beep generator: pmbp bit = ?0? ?1? (4) exit the power-save-mode of speaker-amp: sppsn bit = ?0? ?1? (5) beep output: bpout bit= ?0? ?1? after outputting data particular set times, bpout bit automatically goes to ?0?. (6) enter speaker-amp power-s ave-mode: sppsn bit = ?1? ?0? (7) power down beep generator: pmbp bit = ?1? ?0? (8) power down speaker: pmspk bit = ?1? ?0?
[AK4953A] ms1252-e-00 2010/10 - 92 - stop of clock when any circuits of the AK4953A are powered-up, the clocks must be supplied. 1. pll master mode external mcki pmpll bit (addr:01h, d0) mcko bit (addr:01h, d1) input (3) (1) (2) "0" or "1" example: audio i/f format: msb justified (adc & dac) bick frequency at master mode: 64fs input master clock select at pll mode: 11.2896mhz (3) stop an external mcki (1) (2) addr:01h, data:08h figure 63. clock stopping sequence (1) (1) power down pll: pmpll bit = ?1? ?0? (2) stop mcko clock: mcko bit = ?1? ?0? (3) stop an external master clock. 2. pll slave mode (bick pin) external bick pmpll bit (addr:01h, d0) input (1) (2) external lrck input (2) example audio i/f format : msb justified (adc & dac) pll reference clock: bick bick frequency: 64fs (1) addr:01h, data:00h (2) stop the external clocks figure 64. clock stopping sequence (2) (1) power down pll: pmpll bit = ?1? ?0? (2) stop the external bick and lrck clocks.
[AK4953A] ms1252-e-00 2010/10 - 93 - 3. pll slave (mcki pin) external mcki pmpll bit (addr:01h, d0) input (1) (2) mcko bit (addr:01h, d1) (1) example audio i/f format: msb justified (adc & dac) pll reference clock: mcki bick frequency: 64fs (1) addr:01h, data:00h (2) stop the external clocks figure 65. clock stopping sequence (3) (1) power down pll: pmpll bit = ?1? ?0? stop mcko output: mcko bit = ?1? ?0? (2) stop the external master clock. 4. ext slave mode external lrck input (1) external bick input (1) external mcki input (1) example au dio i/f form at :m sb ju st ified(ad c & dac) input mcki frequency:256fs ( 1 ) sto p the external clocks figure 66. clock stopping sequence (4) (1) stop the external mcki, bick and lrck clocks. power down power supply current can not be shut down by stopping clocks and setting pmvcm bit = ?0?. power supply current can be shut down (typ. 1 a) by stopping clocks a nd setting the pdn pin = ?l?. when the pdn pin = ?l?, all registers are initialized.
[AK4953A] ms1252-e-00 2010/10 - 94 - package 36pin qfn (unit: mm) a b 5.00 0.10 5.00 0.10 c0.30 0.20 0.05 #1 #9 #10 #18 #19 #27 #28 #36 3.62 3.62 0.25 (min) 0.40 0.1 0.75 0.05 0.20 0.40 s 0.10 s top view bottom view 0.08 s 0.10 m s a b 2.50 2.50 note: the exposed pad on the bottom surface of th e package must be connected to the ground. material & lead finish package molding compound: epoxy resin, halogen (bromine and chlorine) free lead frame material: cu alloy lead frame surface treatment: ni/pd/au plate
[AK4953A] ms1252-e-00 2010/10 - 95 - marking 4953 a x xxx 1 xxxx: date code (4 digit) pin #1 indication
[AK4953A] ms1252-e-00 2010/10 - 96 - revision history date (yy/mm/dd) revision reason page/line contents 10/10/20 00 first edition important notice z these products and their specifications are subject to change without notice. when you consider any use or application of these produc ts, please make inquiries the sales office of asahi kasei microdevices corporation (akm) or authorized distributors as to current status of the products. z descriptions of external circuits, application circuits, software and other related information contained in this document are provided only to illustrate the operation and application exampl es of the semiconductor products. you are fully responsible for the incorporation of these external circuits, application circuits, software and other related information in the design of your e quipments. akm assumes no responsibility fo r any losses incurred by you or third parties arising from the use of these information herein. akm assumes no liability for infringement of any patent, intellectual property, or other rights in the applica tion or use of such information contained herein. z any export of these products, or devices or systems containi ng them, may require an export license or other official approval under the law and regulations of the country of e xport pertaining to customs and tariffs, currency exchange, or strategic materials. z akm products are neither intended nor aut horized for use as critical components note1) in any safety, life support, or other hazard related device or system note2) , and akm assumes no responsibility fo r such use, except for the use approved with the express written consent by representative director of akm. as used here: note1) a critical component is one whose failure to function or perform may reasonably be expected to result, whether directly or indirectly, in the loss of the safety or effectiveness of the device or system containing it, and which must therefore meet very high standards of performance and reliability. note2) a hazard related device or system is one designed or intended for life s upport or maintenance of safety or for applications in medicine, aerospace, nuclear energy, or other fi elds, in which its failure to function or perform may reasonably be expected to result in loss of life or in significant injury or damage to person or property. z it is the responsibility of the buyer or distributor of akm products , who distributes, disposes of, or otherwise places the product with a third party, to notify such third party in advance of the above conten t and conditions, and the buyer or distributor agrees to assume any and all responsib ility and liability for and hold akm harmless from any and all claims arising from the use of said product in the absence of such notification.

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